纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (09): 39-45.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201201707

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

多曲面喷头静电纺射流形成机制与成膜特性

权震震1,2, 王亦涵1, 祖遥1, 覃小红1()   

  1. 1.东华大学 纺织学院, 上海 201620
    2.东华大学 上海市轻质结构复合材料重点实验室, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-08 修回日期:2021-05-31 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 覃小红
  • 作者简介:权震震(1989—),男,讲师,博士。主要研究方向为纺织复合材料。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2232020D-15);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2232020A-08);国家自然科学基金项目(51773037);上海市青年科技英才扬帆人才计划项目(18YF1400400);上海市轻质结构复合材料重点实验室开放课题基金项目(2232020A4-01)

Jet formation mechanism and film forming characteristics of multi-curved surface sprayer for electrospinning

QUAN Zhenzhen1,2, WANG Yihan1, ZU Yao1, QIN Xiaohong1()   

  1. 1. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Composite, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2020-12-08 Revised:2021-05-31 Published:2021-09-15 Online:2021-09-27
  • Contact: QIN Xiaohong

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摘要：

为实现微纳米纤维的批量化制备,研究了一种新型多曲面喷头静电纺丝装置。利用ANSYS Maxwell 3D仿真软件模拟多曲面喷头的电场强度分布,探究了自由液面射流形成的理论公式。通过多曲面喷头制备了不同质量分数的聚丙烯腈(PAN)微纳米纤维膜,并借助扫描电子显微镜等对纳米纤维膜的形貌及产量进行表征。结果表明:喷头曲面顶部电场强度最大,高聚物液体易产生波动不稳定现象,当电场力大于液体表面张力时将打破平衡状态,从而产生多股射流;通过该静电纺丝装置获得了光滑无串珠的PAN微纳米纤维,其直径随PAN质量分数的增加而增加,且产量是传统单针头的103倍。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 多曲面喷头, 有限元分析, 射流理论, 微纳米纤维, 电场力, 聚丙烯腈

Abstract:

In order to achieve batch preparation of sub-micro fibers, a new type of multi-curved surface sprayer was studied. ANSYS Maxwell 3D software was used to simulate the electric field intensity distribution of multi-curved surface sprayer, the theoretical formula about free surface jet formation of curved surface was explored, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) microfiber membranes with different mass fractions were prepared by multi-curved surface sprayer, and their morphologies and yields were characterized using electron microscope and other instruments. The results show that the electric field intensity on the top of the sprayer is the largest, which is prone to wave instability and produce multiple jets. The sub-micro fibers obtained by the electrospinning device are smooth without beads, the average diameter increases with the increase of PAN concentration, and the yield is 103 times higher than that of the traditional single needle device.

Key words: electrospinning, multi-curved surface sprayer, finite element analysis, jet theory, sub-micro fibers, electricfield force, polyacrylonitrile

中图分类号: 

  • TS103.7

图1

多曲面喷头静电纺丝装置"

图2

多曲面喷头电场仿真几何模型"

表1

模型中所用材料的属性"

材料 相对介电常数 体积电导率/(S·m-1)
不锈钢 1.00 1.10×106
铝 1.00 3.80×107
PAN 3.92 1.04×10-2

图3

多曲面喷头仿真电场云图"

图4

外界作用下的自由液面不稳定示意图"

图5

曲面几何体自由液面波动示意图"

图6

不同PAN质量分数微纳米纤维的形貌照片(×8 000)及直径分布直方图"

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