纳米芳纶气凝胶纤维的制备与微观结构调控

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20201102007

纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 17-23.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201102007

纳米芳纶气凝胶纤维的制备与微观结构调控

陈纤¹^,², 李猛猛¹^,², 赵昕¹^,², 董杰¹^,², 滕翠青¹^,²()

1.东华大学材料科学与工程学院, 上海 201620
2.东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室, 上海 201620

收稿日期:2020-11-20 修回日期:2021-07-22 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-11-29
通讯作者: 滕翠青
作者简介:陈纤(1996—),女,硕士。主要研究方向为高性能芳纶及其多孔材料。
基金资助:
中国纺织工业联合会应用基础研究项目(J201803)

Preparation and microstructure control of aerogel fibers based on aramid nanofibers

CHEN Xian¹^,², LI Mengmeng¹^,², ZHAO Xin¹^,², DONG Jie¹^,², TENG Cuiqing¹^,²()

1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
2. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

Received:2020-11-20 Revised:2021-07-22 Published:2021-11-15 Online:2021-11-29
Contact: TENG Cuiqing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前气凝胶纤维力学强度不高的问题,以对位芳纶为原料制备了纳米芳纶分散液,通过湿法纺丝、溶剂置换、冷冻干燥工艺制备了纳米芳纶气凝胶纤维,并通过调节溶剂置换浴中叔丁醇与水的比例,对气凝胶纤维的微观结构进行调控。结果表明:调节溶剂置换浴可使气凝胶纤维具有良好的成形性,当溶剂置换浴中叔丁醇和水的体积比为1∶1时,气凝胶纤维内部呈蓬松网状结构,其比表面积可达165.4 m²/g,断裂强度为4.8 MPa;随着水的比例的增加,气凝胶纤维比表面积下降,力学强度增加;当以水为置换液时,纳米芳纶整齐取向排列,气凝胶纤维的断裂强度可达328.7 MPa。

关键词: 纳米芳纶, 气凝胶纤维, 湿法纺丝, 溶剂置换, 冷冻干燥, 高性能纤维

Abstract:

In order to further improve the mechanical strength of aerogel fibers, the dispersion solution of aramid nanofibers was prepared with para aramid fiber as raw materials, and aerogel fibers based on aramid nanofibers were fabricated via wet spinning, solvent displacement and following freeze-drying processes. The microstructures of aerogel fibers based on aramid nanofibers were also adjusted by changing the percentage of tertiary butyl alcohol and water in the solvent replacement bath. The results showed that the change of solvent replacement bath could give the aerogel fibers good formability. When the volumetric ratio of tert-butanol to water in the solvent replacement bath was 1∶1, the aerogel fiber had a fluffy network structure in the interior,its specific surface area reached 165.4 m²/g and the fracture strength was 4.8 MPa. With the increase of water content, the specific surface area of aerogel fibers decreased with enhanced the mechanical strength. When only water was used as the solvent replacement solution, the aramid nanofibers were neatly orientated in the fiber length direction, and the fracture strength of aerogel fibers reached 328.7 MPa.

Key words: aramid nanofiber, aerogel fiber, wet spinning, solvent replacement, freeze drying, high-performance fiber

中图分类号:

TS430

陈纤, 李猛猛, 赵昕, 董杰, 滕翠青. 纳米芳纶气凝胶纤维的制备与微观结构调控[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(11): 17-23.

CHEN Xian, LI Mengmeng, ZHAO Xin, DONG Jie, TENG Cuiqing. Preparation and microstructure control of aerogel fibers based on aramid nanofibers[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(11): 17-23.

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样品编号	密度/(mg·cm^-3)	样品编号	密度/(mg·cm^-3)
1^#	812	4^#	91
2^#	35	5^#	136
3^#	50

纳米芳纶气凝胶纤维的制备与微观结构调控

Preparation and microstructure control of aerogel fibers based on aramid nanofibers

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