生物质纤维/菠萝叶纤维多组分混纺纱线的品质与性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20210908806

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

菠萝叶纤维粗且长,表面有枝节,纵向平直,单独成纱质量较差,为提高其可纺性,结合绢丝、羊毛、壳聚糖纤维、Lyocell纤维和聚乳酸(PLA)纤维的性能特点,选取绢纺系统将菠萝叶纤维分别与这几种纤维混纺制备16.7 tex×2两组分纱线和14.3 tex×2三组分纱线,并测试其力学性能、条干均匀度、毛羽等指标。结果表明:所纺纱线断裂强度高、条干均匀度好、毛羽少,可用于开发中高档机织面料并应用于服装领域;两组分混纺纱中菠萝叶纤维/绢丝(质量比为85∶15)性能较好,断裂强度为(21.9±2.3) cN/tex,毛羽值为3.61 mm/cm,条干CV值为18.05%;三组分混纺纱中菠萝叶纤维/绢丝/Lyocell纤维(质量比为50∶30∶20)性能最优,断裂强度为(19.9±1.3) cN/tex,毛羽值为3.26 mm/cm,条干CV值为14.03%。

关键词: 菠萝叶纤维, 绢纺系统, 多组分混纺纱, 力学性能, 条干均匀度, 毛羽

Abstract:

Pineapple leaf fibers are thick, long, straight, and with branches on the surface, leading to poor quality of pure spun yarn. In order to improve its spinnability, the silk spinning system was employed to blend pineapple leaf fiber with some biomass fibers to prepare 16.7 tex×2 two-component yarns and 14.3 tex×2 three-component yarns, the selected biomass fibers including spun silk, wool, chitosan fiber, Lyocell fiber and polylactic acid (PLA) fiber. The mechanical properties, evenness and hairiness of the yarns were evaluated, and the results show that the spun yarns have high breaking strength, good evenness and low hairiness, which can be used to develop medium to high grade woven fabrics and can be applied to clothing making. Among the two-component blended yarns, the performance of pineapple leaf fiber/spun silk (mass ratio:85∶15) is the best, with breaking strength being(21.9±2.3)cN/tex, the hairiness value 3.61 mm/cm, and the evenness CV value 18.05%. Among the three-component blended yarns, the performance of pineapple leaf fiber/spun silk/Lyocell fiber (mass ratio:50∶30∶20) is the best, whose breaking strength is(19.9±1.3)cN/tex, the hairiness value 3.26 mm/cm, and the evenness CV value 14.03%.

Key words: pineapple leaf fiber, silk spinning system, multi-component blended yarn, mechanical property, evenness, hairiness

中图分类号:

TS106.5

闵小豹, 潘志娟. 生物质纤维/菠萝叶纤维多组分混纺纱线的品质与性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2022, 43(01): 74-79.

MIN Xiaobao, PAN Zhijuan. Quality and performance of biomass fiber/pineapple leaf fiber multi-component blended yarn[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2022, 43(01): 74-79.

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纤维种类	线密度/ dtex	平均长度/mm	断裂强度/ (cN·dtex^-1)	断裂伸长率/%	回潮率/%
菠萝叶纤维	7.1	109	6.8	4.4	7.6
羊毛	1.6	60	4.0	33.6	15.0
绢丝	1.4	80	3.2	20.0	11.0
Lyocell纤维	1.7	50	4.3	15.0	13.0
PLA纤维	1.5	38	3.5	36.3	0.5
壳聚糖纤维	1.3	38	2.4	19.2	12.0

纱线成分	纱线代号	混纺质量比	设计线密度
菠萝叶纤维/绢丝	P/S	85:15	16.7 tex×2
菠萝叶纤维/羊毛	P/W	85:15	16.7 tex×2
菠萝叶纤维/壳聚糖纤维	P/C	85:15	16.7 tex×2
菠萝叶纤维/PLA纤维	P/P	85:15	16.7 tex×2
菠萝叶纤维/Lyocell纤维	P/L	85:15	16.7 tex×2
菠萝叶纤维/绢丝/PLA纤维	P/S/P	50:30:20	14.3 tex×2
菠萝叶纤维/羊毛/PLA纤维	P/W/P	50:30:20	14.3 tex×2
菠萝叶纤维/羊毛/Lyocell纤维	P/W/L	50:30:20	14.3 tex×2
菠萝叶纤维/绢丝/Lyocell纤维	P/S/L	50:30:20	14.3 tex×2

纱线代号	百米纱线质量/g	实际线密度/tex	百米质量偏差/%	捻度/ (捻·m^-1)
P/S	3.30	16.5×2	-1.2	520
P/W	3.28	16.4×2	-1.8	498
P/C	3.25	16.3×2	-2.7	512
P/P	3.24	16.2×2	-3.0	504
P/L	3.29	16.5×2	-1.5	523
P/S/P	2.78	13.9×2	-2.8	490
P/W/P	2.82	14.1×2	-1.4	500
P/W/L	2.79	13.9×2	-2.4	517
P/S/L	2.83	14.2×2	-1.0	524

纱线代号	细节/(个·km^-1)		粗节/(个·km^-1)		棉结/(个·km^-1)
纱线代号	-40%	-50%	+35%	+50%	+200%	+280%
P/S	660.0	40.0	740.0	300.0	740.0	380.0
P/W	1 300.0	280.0	1000.0	300.0	620.0	22.0
P/C	680.0	160.0	720.0	240.0	220.0	80.0
P/P	1 200.0	200.0	1 687.0	613.3	620.0	253.3
P/L	826.7	100.0	913.0	366.7	466.7	213.3
P/S/P	180.0	13.3	555.3	146.7	126.7	40.0
P/W/P	1 027.0	126.7	1 353.0	573.3	346.7	186.7
P/W/L	480.0	6.7	820.0	220.0	140.0	40.0
P/S/L	60.0	0.0	493.3	166.7	120.0	46.7

纱线代号	断裂伸长率/%	断裂强度/ (cN·tex^-1)	初始模量/ (cN·tex^-1)
P/S	2.3±0.3	21.8±2.3	782.4±134.8
P/W	2.6±0.3	17.2±3.0	309.5±47.3
P/C	2.1±0.2	21.5±1.5	1012.8±47.7
P/P	2.3±0.2	18.3±1.9	664.8±71.4
P/L	2.4±0.2	21.8±3.6	754.7±60.4
P/S/P	3.1±0.3	16.4±1.2	366.6±62.9
P/W/P	2.6±0.3	9.5±1.5	172.5±57.7
P/W/L	2.9±0.2	12.9±1.4	271.7±43.1
P/S/L	4.1±0.3	19.9±1.3	337.8±49.6