纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (03): 116-122.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201202108

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

活性分散黄染料对涤纶/棉混纺织物的超临界CO2同浴染色

周天博1, 郑环达1, 蔡涛2, 于佐君1, 王力成3, 郑来久1()   

  1. 1.大连工业大学 辽宁省超临界二氧化碳无水染色重点实验室, 辽宁 大连 116034
    2.石狮市中纺学服装及配饰产业研究院, 福建 石狮 362700
    3.大连思普乐信息材料有限公司, 辽宁 大连 116023
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-09 修回日期:2021-09-07 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-03-29
  • 通讯作者: 郑来久
  • 作者简介:周天博(1996—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为超临界二氧化碳流体染色技术。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(21908015);辽宁省教育厅高等学校基本科研项目(J202152);大连市高层次人才创新支持计划项目(2020RQ019);福建省第七批省引才“百人计划”团队项目(202102)

One-bath dyeing of polyester/cotton blended fabrics in supercritical CO2 with Reactive Disperse Yellow dye

ZHOU Tianbo1, ZHENG Huanda1, CAI Tao2, YU Zuojun1, WANG Licheng3, ZHENG Laijiu1()   

  1. 1. Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Supercritical CO2 Dyeing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
    2. Shishi CTES Research Institute of Apparel and Accessories Industry, Shishi, Fujian 362700, China
    3. Dalian Suplor Information and Materials Co., Ltd., Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
  • Received:2020-12-09 Revised:2021-09-07 Published:2022-03-15 Online:2022-03-29
  • Contact: ZHENG Laijiu

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摘要：

为解决涤纶/棉混纺织物水浴染色能耗大、水污染严重的技术难题,并拓宽超临界CO2染色技术的应用范围,研究了活性分散黄染料对涤纶/棉混纺织物在超临界CO2流体中的染色性能。分析了染色温度、压力、时间、助剂用量和CO2流速对涤纶/棉混纺织物染色效果的影响,得到最佳染色工艺条件:染色温度为100 ℃,压力为20 MPa,染色时间为80 min,CO2流量为20 g/min,二甲基亚砜质量分数为80%。结果表明:与天然染料相比,利用活性分散黄可以显著提升涤纶/棉混纺织物的染色深度和色牢度;同时,二甲基亚砜处理与“乙醇助溶剂+N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)预处理”法相比,K/S值提升了2倍以上,色牢度达到4~5级,获得了较好的染色效果。

关键词: 超临界CO2, 同浴染色, 染色性能, 活性分散黄, 涤纶/棉混纺织物, 预处理

Abstract:

In order to solve the technical problems of energy consumption and serious water pollution in polyester/cotton blended fabric water dyeing, dyeing properties of polyester/cotton blended fabrics in the supercritical CO2 was investigated by using Reactive Disperse Yellow dye in order to expand the application range of supercritical CO2 dyeing technology. The effect of dyeing temperature, pressure, time, dosage of co-solvent and CO2 flow rate on the dyeing properties of polyester/cotton blended fabrics was analyzed. The optimized process condition was obtained to be dyeing temperature 100 ℃, pressure 20 MPa, dyeing time 80 min, CO2 flow 20 g/min and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) dosage 80%. Reactive Disperse Yellow dye could significantly improve color depth and color fastness of polyester/cotton fabrics in comparison with natural dyes. Compared with "ethanol+N-methylpyrrolidone(NMP)" pretreatment, the K/S value of DMSO treatment was increased by more than two times, and the color fastness reached grade 4-5, presenting excellent dyeing effect.

Key words: supercritical CO2, one-bath dyeing, dyeing property, Reactive Disperse Yellow dye, polyester/cotton blended fabrics, pretreatment

中图分类号: 

  • TS193.634

图1

活性分散黄染料化学结构"

图2

超临界CO2流体染色设备"

图3

涤纶/棉混纺织物染色工艺流程"

图4

压力对涤纶/棉混纺织物 K/S值的影响"

图5

温度对涤纶/棉混纺织物 K/S值的影响"

图6

染色时间对涤纶/棉混纺织物 K/S值的影响"

图7

DMSO用量对涤纶/棉混纺织物K/S值的影响"

表1

涤纶/棉混纺织物的 K/S值对比"

染色温度/℃ 染料种类 助剂种类 K/S值
100 活性分散黄 无 0.90
DMSO 4.80
活性分散蓝[32] 无 0.83
乙醇+NMP 1.325
110 活性分散黄 无 1.22
DMSO 5.04
活性分散蓝[32] 无 1.15
乙醇+NMP 1.89
120 活性分散黄 无 1.68
DMSO 5.12
活性分散蓝[32] 无 1.72
乙醇+NMP 2.80

图8

CO2流量对涤纶/棉混纺织物K/S值的影响"

图9

剥色前后的染色织物照片 1#—未剥色涤纶/棉混纺织物;2#—剥色涤纶/棉混纺织物;3#—未剥色棉织物;4#—剥色棉织物;5#—未剥色涤纶织物;6#—剥色涤纶织物。"

表2

不同染色温度下涤纶/棉混纺织物的匀染性"

染色温度/℃ 样品点个数 $\overline{K/S}$ Sλ ΔE
80 8 3.72 0.052 0.412
90 8 4.58 0.082 0.513
100 8 5.12 0.140 0.620
110 8 4.95 0.190 0.911
120 8 5.11 0.039 0.382

表3

不同染色温度下涤纶/棉混纺织物的色牢度"

温度/
℃		 数据来源 耐摩擦色牢度/级 耐水洗色牢度/级
干 湿 棉沾色 涤沾色 褪色
80 本文 4~5 4 4 4 4
90 本文 4~5 4 4 4 4
100 本文 4~5 4 4 4~5 4
110 本文 4~5 4~5 4 4 4~5
120 本文 4~5 4 4~5 4~5 4~5
文献[8] 3~4 3 3 3 3~4
文献[25] 4~5 4 4 4 4
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