激光改性涤纶织物的分散染料染色性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20210304608

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为使涤纶织物具有差别化染色效果,采用二氧化碳激光对涤纶织物进行预处理改性,研究了激光处理条件对涤纶织物染色性能的影响,确定了激光预处理改性工艺:功率为5 W,激光速度为150 mm/s,步距为0.2 mm。分析了分散红E-FB上染改性涤纶织物的热力学和动力学特性,并测试了改性涤纶织物的染色牢度。结果表明:分散红E-FB染色的改性涤纶织物K/S值为17.81,与未处理相比增加了54.24%;染色织物的耐皂洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度均达到4级以上;激光改性后涤纶表面产生明显刻蚀,氧元素含量增加,结晶度下降,晶粒尺寸稍增加;分散红E-FB对改性涤纶织物的染色亲和力变化不大,染色热(放热)增加,染色熵(负值)绝对值增加;分散红E-FB上染改性涤纶织物的半染时间和扩散活化能降低,扩散系数增加。

关键词: 激光改性, 染色性能, 染色动力学, 染色热力学, 涤纶织物, 分散染料

Abstract:

In order to make polyester fabrics have differential dyeing effect, CO₂ laser was used to modify a polyester fabric. Taking the color depth value(K/S) as the index, the effects of laser treatment conditions such as power, speed and step distance on the dyeing properties of the polyester fabric were studied. The laser modification process was determined to be 5 W laser power, 150 mm/s laser speed and 0.2 mm step distance. The thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of Disperse Red E-FB dyeing modified polyester fabric were analyzed, and the color fastness of the modified fabric was tested. The results show that the K/S value of modified polyester fabric dyed with Disperse Red E-FB was 17.81, 54.24% higher than that of untreated, and the soaping fastness and rubbing fastness of dyed fabrics were both above grade 4. Laser modification can cause etching on the fiber surface, and result in increase in oxygen content, decrease in crystallinity and slightly increase in grain size, with little effect on the dyeing affinity of Disperse Red E-FB for modified polyester fabric. The dyeing heat (exothermic) is increased and the dyeing entropy (negative value) decreased. The half dyeing time and diffusion activation energy of Disperse Red E-FB dyeing modified polyester fabric are both decreased, and the diffusion coefficient demonstrates an increas.

Key words: laser modification, dyeing property, dyeing kinetic, dyeing thermodynamic, polyester fabric, disperse dye

中图分类号:

TS193

何杨, 张瑞萍, 何勇, 范爱民. 激光改性涤纶织物的分散染料染色性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2022, 43(04): 102-109.

HE Yang, ZHANG Ruiping, HE Yong, FAN Aimin. Dyeing properties of laser modified polyester fabrics with disperse dyes[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2022, 43(04): 102-109.

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织物	C相对含量	O相对含量	O与C相对含量之比
未改性织物	80.0	20.0	25.0
改性织物	75.3	24.5	32.5

织物	(010)晶面	(110)晶面	(100)晶面
未改性织物	3.26	1.92	4.06
改性织物	3.50	2.02	4.04

织物	耐皂洗色牢度			耐摩擦色牢度
织物	涤沾	棉沾	褪色	干摩	湿摩
未改性织物	4	4~5	4~5	5	4~5
改性织物	4	4	4~5	4~5	4~5

织物	-Δμ⁰/(kJ·mol^-1)			ΔH⁰/ (kJ·mol^-1)		ΔS⁰/ (J·mol·K^-1)
织物	100 ℃	110 ℃		ΔH⁰/ (kJ·mol^-1)		ΔS⁰/ (J·mol·K^-1)
未改性织物	17.213	17.209	-17.359		-0.390
改性织物	17.628	17.522	-21.620		-10.700

织物	温度/ ℃	C_∞/ (mg·g^-1)	K/(min· g·mg^-1)	t_1/2/ min	D/(10^-13 m²·min^-1)	E/(kJ· mol^-1)
未改性	110	2.157	0.025	18.694	5.688	19.037
织物	130	5.845	0.012	13.900	7.650
改性	110	2.194	0.038	12.155	8.478	15.971
织物	130	6.105	0.017	9.778	10.875