纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (05): 43-48.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20211201806

• 特约专栏:第十一届中国纺织学术年会专家观点 • 上一篇    下一篇

废旧棉与涤纶纺织品化学法循环再生利用的研究进展

陈龙1(), 周哲1, 张军2, 徐世美3, 倪延朋4   

  1. 1.东华大学 材料科学与工程学院, 上海 201620
    2.中国科学院化学研究所, 北京 100190
    3.四川大学 化学学院, 四川 成都 610207
    4.青岛大学 纺织服装学院, 山东 青岛 266071
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-08 修回日期:2022-02-21 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-05-30
  • 作者简介:陈龙(1975—),男,研究员,博士。主要研究方向为化学纤维的功能化、智能化和循环利用。E-mail: happyjack@dhu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1910300)

Research progress in chemical recycling of waste cotton and polyester textiles

CHEN Long1(), ZHOU Zhe1, ZHANG Jun2, XU Shimei3, NI Yanpeng4   

  1. 1. College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    3. College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610064, China
    4. College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 206071, China
  • Received:2021-12-08 Revised:2022-02-21 Published:2022-05-15 Online:2022-05-30

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摘要：

针对我国废旧纺织品中棉和涤纶制品产量高、循环利用率低、高品质产品少等问题,介绍了化学法循环再生利用废旧棉、涤纶纺织品的方法,分析了废旧棉再生浆粕及其纤维制备技术和废旧涤纶纺织品解聚单体及其再聚合技术的现状。相关研究表明:目前已能采用低比例废旧棉再生浆粕与原生木浆混合的方式实现废旧棉再生Lyocell纤维的小规模生产;采用乙二醇醇解-甲醇酯交换技术可实现废旧涤纶纺织品化学法再生聚酯的万吨级规模生产,但仍存在技术难度大、生产成本高、回收利用率低、产品品质差,且面临“治废产废”程度有待进一步降低等难题;开发废旧棉、涤纶纺织品清洁再生与高值化利用技术是废旧纺织品循环利用的发展趋势。

关键词: 纺织品, 废旧棉, 废旧涤纶, 化学再生, 循环再生

Abstract:

A large number of waste cotton and polyester textiles are produced in China, but the recycling rate is low and high quality products are rare. Focusing on this problem, the recycling of waste cotton and polyester fabrics based on chemical recycling was reviewed. The technology of waste cotton pulp preparation and its fiber spinning, the monomer preparation from the depolymerization of waste polyester and its polymerization were examined. The literature review indicated that the small-scale production of waste cotton was involved in the making of regenerated Lyocell fibers by mixing low proportion of waste cotton regenerated pulp with the primary wood pulp, and that 10 000-ton scale production of chemically regenerated polyethylene terephthalate(PET) from waste PET textiles has been achieved through glycol alcoholysis-methanol ester exchange technology. However, there are still problems such as technical difficulties, high production cost, low recovery and utilization rate, poor product quality, and high degree of " waste production caused by waste treatment ". Hence, key technology development for waste textile recycling should be the focus of research emphasizing on clean recycling and high value utilization of waste cotton and polyester textiles.

Key words: textiles, waste cotton, waste polyester, chemical recycling, recycling and regeneration

中图分类号: 

  • TS106

表1

废旧棉纺织品回收的相关研究"

机构名称 相关研究内容 相关研究成果 成果应用情况 参考文献
芬兰VTT技术研究中心 废旧棉纺织品的溶解 采用离子液体溶解废旧纺织品中的纤维素 研究阶段 [16]
瑞典Re:newcell公司 废旧棉再生浆粕 以废弃棉织物为原料,制备废旧棉再生浆粕 小批量供应 [17]
奥地利Lenzing集团 废旧棉再生浆粕及再生Lyocell纤维 废旧棉再生浆粕与木浆混合,制备了再生Lyocell纤维(REFIBRATM) 实现量产,其中消费后废旧棉再生浆粕占比为10% [18]
东华大学/齐鲁工业大学 废旧棉纺织品蒸煮制浆及再生Lyocell纺丝 制备了废旧棉纺织品再生浆粕,并纺制了Lyocell纤维(干态断裂强度为2.7 cN/dtex) 实验室研究阶段 [19-20]
赛得利(中国)纤维有限公司 利用废旧棉再生浆粕制备粘胶纤维 废旧棉再生浆与木浆混合,实现了万吨级再生粘胶纤维的量产 成功量产 [21]

图1

废旧棉纺织品化学循环再生的技术现状"

图2

废旧涤纶纺织品化学循环再生的技术现状"

表2

废旧涤纶纺织品回收的相关研究"

机构名称 相关研究内容 相关研究成果 成果应用情况 参考文献
日本帝人公司 PET乙二醇醇解-甲醇酯交换 将废旧涤纶纺织品经乙二醇解得到对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(BHET),再经甲醇交换得到高纯度对苯二甲酸二甲酯 已商用,但对非涤组分处理困难 [35]
美国杜邦公司 钛系催化剂 开发了有机钛系催化剂Tyzor,与锑催化剂相比,反应活性更高 工业化,应用于原生聚酯的生产 [40]
四川大学/青岛大学 聚酯绿色合成、化学循环回收的新催化体系和方法 开发的新型催化剂与方法可应用于PET、PBT聚酯的合成与高效化学回收 实验室研究阶段 [41-42]
浙江佳人新材料有限公司 废旧涤纶纺织品化学法循环再生技术 将回收的涤纶纺织品化学解聚,得到高纯度DMT,并通过酯交换和聚合反应制备了高品质纤维级再生PET切片 工业化阶段,但PET解聚效率和单体回收率较低,且副产物难以回收利用,再生PET切片中重金属含量高 [37]
东华大学 钛系催化剂 开发了有机无机杂化钛系催化剂,可应用于PET、PBT及其共聚酯的合成,树脂的b值优于锑系催化剂切片和更高的L值 小试阶段,已在浙江佳人新材料有限公司DMT法再生PET生产线试用,成功制备无锑再生聚酯 [43]
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