聚乳酸非织造材料的后牵伸辅助熔喷成形工艺及其力学性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20210203908

纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (06): 86-93.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210203908

聚乳酸非织造材料的后牵伸辅助熔喷成形工艺及其力学性能

孙焕惟¹, 张恒¹^,²(), 崔景强²^,³, 朱斐超⁴, 王国锋²^,³, 苏天阳²^,³, 甄琪¹

1.中原工学院, 郑州河南 451191
2.河南省医用高分子材料技术与应用重点实验室,河南新乡 453400
3.河南驼人医疗器械集团有限公司, 河南新乡 453400
4.浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院), 浙江杭州 310018

收稿日期:2021-02-15 修回日期:2022-03-13 出版日期:2022-06-15 发布日期:2022-07-15
通讯作者: 张恒
作者简介:孙焕惟(1996—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为功能性非织造材料的开发。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52003306);国家生物医用材料生产应用示范平台资助项目(TC190H3ZV/1);河南省医用高分子材料技术与应用重点实验室资助项目(1-TR-B-03-210117);先进纺织装备技术省部共建协同创新中心资助项目(FZZ-2022-001);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ21E030013)

Preparation and mechanical properties of polylactic acid nonwovens via post-drafting assisted melt blown process

SUN Huanwei¹, ZHANG Heng¹^,²(), CUI Jingqiang²^,³, ZHU Feichao⁴, WANG Guofeng²^,³, SU Tianyang²^,³, ZHEN Qi¹

1. Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
2. Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Polymer Materials Technology and Application, Xinxiang, Henan 453400, China
3. Henan Tuoren Medical Device Co., Ltd., Xinxiang, Henan 453400, China
4. College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China

Received:2021-02-15 Revised:2022-03-13 Published:2022-06-15 Online:2022-07-15
Contact: ZHANG Heng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为改善聚乳酸(PLA)熔喷非织造材料的力学性能,在PLA热力学性能实验分析的基础上,采用后牵伸辅助熔喷成形工艺一步法制备了高结晶度的PLA熔喷非织造材料,并对材料的外观形态、拉伸断裂性能和顶破性能进行分析。结果表明:PLA聚合物的玻璃化转变温度为60.69 ℃,熔点为162.6 ℃,可以很好地用于高牵伸倍率的后牵伸辅助熔喷成形;随着牵伸倍率从1.0增大到3.0,高取向纤维(取向角度≤20°)的数量占比从28%增大至100%,超细纤维(纤维直径≤3 μm)的数量占比从23%增大到67%;同时,材料的结晶度从1.22%增大到37.43%,纵向拉伸断裂强度增大到4.33 N/mm²,顶破强力增大到36.8 N,力学性能有所提升。

关键词: 非织造材料, 聚乳酸, 微纳米纤维, 后牵伸辅助熔喷, 力学性能

Abstract:

In order to improve the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) melt blown nonwovens, samples of PLA melt blown nonwovens with high crystallinity were prepared by a large scale and one step post-drafting assisted melt blown process, based on the experimental analysis of the thermodynamic properties of PLA polymers. The morphology, tensile and bursting properties of the prepared samples were evaluated. The results show that the glass transition temperature and melting point of PLA were 60.69 ℃ and 162.6 ℃, respectively, suitable for the preparation at a high drafting ratio during the post-drafting assisted melt blown process. It was noted that with the drafting ratio increasing from 1.0 to 3.0, the proportion of high-oriented fibers (fiber orientation angle≤20°) was increased from 28% to 100%, and the proportion of the microfibers (fiber diameter ≤3 μm) was increased from 23% to 67%. The drafting ratio increase also caused the crystallinity to increase from 1.22% to 37.43%, the tensile breaking strength in machine direction to reach 4.33 N/mm², and the bursting force to 36.8 N, demonstrating improvement of the mechanical properties of the PLA melt blown nonwovens due to the post-drafting assisted melt blown process.

Key words: nonwoven, polylactic acid, micro-nano fiber, post-drafting assisted melt blown process, mechanical property

中图分类号:

TS176

孙焕惟, 张恒, 崔景强, 朱斐超, 王国锋, 苏天阳, 甄琪. 聚乳酸非织造材料的后牵伸辅助熔喷成形工艺及其力学性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2022, 43(06): 86-93.

SUN Huanwei, ZHANG Heng, CUI Jingqiang, ZHU Feichao, WANG Guofeng, SU Tianyang, ZHEN Qi. Preparation and mechanical properties of polylactic acid nonwovens via post-drafting assisted melt blown process[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2022, 43(06): 86-93.

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牵伸倍率 R	面密度/ (g·m^-2)	纵向断裂强度/ (N·mm^-2)	纵向断裂伸长率/%	横向断裂强度/ (N·mm^-2)	横向断裂伸长率/%	纵横向强度比
1.0	119.90	1.92	6.14	1.75	8.10	1.10
1.8	113.00	3.47	3.58	0.51	43.62	6.80
2.1	107.80	3.86	3.30	0.36	43.80	10.72
2.4	92.40	4.01	3.19	0.34	44.93	11.79
2.7	84.60	4.20	3.06	0.32	57.53	13.13
3.0	80.10	4.33	2.63	0.31	75.43	13.97

聚乳酸非织造材料的后牵伸辅助熔喷成形工艺及其力学性能

Preparation and mechanical properties of polylactic acid nonwovens via post-drafting assisted melt blown process

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