纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (09): 182-187.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210805506

• 服装工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

热环境下人体局部皮肤湿敏感性的分布特征

李宁宁1, 张昭华1,2(), 徐苏红1, 郑子奕1, 李霄羽1   

  1. 1.东华大学 服装与艺术设计学院, 上海 200051
    2.东华大学 高性能纤维及制品教育部重点实验室, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-12 修回日期:2022-06-06 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-09-26
  • 通讯作者: 张昭华
  • 作者简介:李宁宁(1996—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为服装舒适性与功能。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市自然科学基金面上项目(22ZR1403100);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232021G-02)

Distribution characteristics of local skin moisture sensitivity of human in thermal environment

LI Ningning1, ZHANG Zhaohua1,2(), XU Suhong1, ZHENG Ziyi1, LI Xiaoyu1   

  1. 1. College of Fashion and Design, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
    2. Key Laboratory of High Performance Fibers & Products, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2021-08-12 Revised:2022-06-06 Published:2022-09-15 Online:2022-09-26
  • Contact: ZHANG Zhaohua

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摘要：

为研究在热环境下人体局部皮肤湿敏感性的分布特征,以及客观物理湿度与人体主观湿感觉之间的关系,采用弹性针织面料制作贴体连身实验服,在人工气候舱(温度为(30±1) ℃,相对湿度为(35±1)%)内,6位女性受试者穿着实验服以5 km/h的速度在跑步机上步行运动,记录受试者在实验过程中的客观生理数据和主观评价数据。结果表明:热环境中人体皮肤湿敏感性呈现局部分布特征,高敏感区为上额、前胸、下背,中敏感区为上臂、前腹、上背、小臂、臀部,低敏感区为小腿和大腿;实验证实了皮肤的湿度感知随着物理湿润度的提高而增强,湿度感知与物理湿润度存在正相关关系。

关键词: 湿敏感性, 服装舒适性, 感知湿润, 物理湿度, 弹性针织面料

Abstract:

In order to study the distribution characteristics of local skin moisture sensitivity of human under thermal environment and the relationship between objective physical humidity and human subjective moisture feeling, the body fitted one-piece experimental clothes were made of elastic knitted fabric for tests in the artificial climate cabin (the temperature is (30±1) ℃ and the relative humidity is (35±1)%). Six female subjects wore the experimental clothes and walked on the treadmill at the speed of 5 km/h. The objective physiological data and subjective evaluation data of the subjects were recorded during the experiment. The results indicated that the moisture sensitivity of human skin has some local distribution characteristics in the thermal environment. The high sensitivity areas were the upper forehead, chest and lower back, the medium sensitivity areas were upper arm, anterior abdomen, upper back, forearm and buttocks, and the low sensitivity areas were calves and thighs. The experiment confirmed that the skin humidity perception increased with the increase of physical humidity, and there was a positive correlation between humidity perception and physical humidity.

Key words: moisture sensitivity, clothing comfortability, perception of wetness, physical humidity, elastic knitted fabric

中图分类号: 

  • TS941.16

表1

实验面料基本性能参数"

面密度/
(g·m-2)		 透气率/
(mm·s-1)		 透湿率/
(g·m-2·d-1)		 弹性回复率/%
纵向 横向
142 161.61 1 180.67 89.17 92.62

图1

服装款式图"

图2

身体测试部位 1—前额; 2—上臂; 3—下臂; 4—前胸; 5—前腹;6—大腿; 7—小腿; 8—上背; 9—下背; 10—臀部。"

表2

局部湿感觉标尺含义"

标尺刻度 含义 解释
0 非常干 非常干燥
1 干 皮肤感觉微干、紧绷
2 几乎不湿 皮肤不紧绷也不湿润
3 微湿 皮肤刚感觉有潮湿感
4 较湿 有潮湿感并出现汗珠
5 很湿 有大量汗珠,但不成股
6 非常湿 有成股汗珠形成,大汗淋漓

图3

平均皮肤温度"

图4

平均皮肤湿度"

表3

出汗量及汗液蒸发量"

受试者编号 总出汗量/kg 汗液蒸发量/kg 汗液蒸发效率/%
1 0.430 0 0.347 0 80.70
2 0.356 0 0.338 0 94.94
3 0.385 0 0.368 0 95.58
4 0.383 0 0.373 0 97.39
5 0.342 0 0.335 0 97.95
6 0.288 0 0.281 0 97.57
平均值 0.364 0±0.047 9 0.340 3±0.032 9 94.02±6.63

表4

各时刻受试者局部部位感觉到湿的频数"

身体部位 不同时刻湿感觉频数/次
0 min 5 min 10 min 15 min 20 min 25 min 30 min 35 min 40 min 45 min 50 min
上额 0 0 0 3 5 5 5 6 6 6 6
上臂 0 1 1 2 4 4 4 6 6 6 6
小臂 0 0 0 1 2 3 3 4 6 6 6
前胸 1 1 1 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6
前腹 0 0 0 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4
大腿 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
小腿 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 3 4 4
上背 0 0 0 1 3 6 6 6 6 6 6
下背 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 6 6 6
臀部 0 0 0 1 1 3 4 4 4 4 5

图5

受试者局部部位感到湿的频率"

图6

局部部位湿度与湿感觉评分间的散点图"

图7

局部部位湿度与主观湿感觉评分的相关性"

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