纺织学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 26-34.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220702201

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚乳酸/磁性金属有机框架材料复合熔喷布的制备及其空气过滤性能

孙辉1,2, 崔小港1,2, 彭思伟1,2, 丰江丽1,2, 于斌1,2()   

  1. 1.浙江理工大学 纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院), 浙江 杭州 310018
    2.浙江省现代纺织技术创新中心, 浙江 绍兴 312000
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-08 修回日期:2023-03-17 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 于斌(1977—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为高性能非织造材料的制备与研究。E-mail:yubin1880@126.com。
  • 作者简介:孙辉(1976—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为生物可降解纺织材料的功能化改性。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省自然科学基金项目(LTGS23E030005)

Preparation of polylactic acid/magnetic metal organic frame material composite melt-blown fabrics and air filtration performance

SUN Hui1,2, CUI Xiaogang1,2, PENG Siwei1,2, FENG Jiangli1,2, YU Bin1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
  • Received:2022-12-08 Revised:2023-03-17 Published:2023-12-15 Online:2024-01-22

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摘要：

为制备一种磁性生物可降解空气过滤用熔喷布,将用水热法合成的磁性金属有机框架材料(MMOF)与聚乳酸(PLA)熔融共混后,再通过熔喷加工工艺制成不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布,对其形貌、结构和性能进行研究。结果表明:随着MMOF质量占比的增加,复合熔喷布中纤维的表面粗糙程度增加,平均直径和孔径也不断增大;当MMOF的含量较高时,复合熔喷布的玻璃化转变温度有所增加,其结晶温度和熔融温度随着MMOF质量占比的增加而升高,加入适量的MMOF对PLA的结晶有异相成核作用,且赋予了PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布磁性;与纯PLA熔喷布相比,PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的透气率提高,过滤阻力降低,当PLA与MMOF的质量比为1:0.03时,复合熔喷布的空气过滤效率和断裂强度均达到最大,分别为65.03%和0.21 MPa。

关键词: 聚乳酸, 磁性金属有机框架材料, 熔喷布, 空气过滤性能, 生物可降解

Abstract:

Objective The rapid development of modern industry and agriculture has promoted the progress of society and improved the quality of people's life. However, the air pollution problem accompanied by the development also poses a serious threat to public health. Melt-blown filter materials with the advantages of high protection, simple preparation process and low price can provide strong defense for human health. In order to prepare the magnetic biodegradable melt-blown air filter material with high filtration efficiency, a magnetic metal organic frame mate-rial (MMOF) was synthesized and mixed with polylactic acid (PLA) to prepare PLA/MMOF composite melt-blown fabrics.
Method MMOF was first synthesized via the hydrothermal method and mixed with PLA resin in different mass ratios by the melt blending in a twin-screw extruder. Then these blends were granulated to obtain PLA/MMOF composite master batches. After that, PLA/MMOF composite master batches were fabricated into the composite melt-blown fabrics with different mass ratios by use of a micro melt-blown testing machine. The morphology, structure, thermal behavior, magnetism, air filtration and mechanical properties of PLA/MMOF composite melt-blown fabrics were characterized and studied.
Results It could be seen that the fiber surface of pure PLA melt-blown fabrics was smooth and had a few small grooves. For PLA/MMOF composite melt-blown fabrics, some MMOF particles appeared on the fiber surface. The fiber surface of the composite melt-blown fabrics became more and more rough with the increasing of the mass of MMOF (Fig. 1). Moreover, the average fiber diameter and pore size of PLA/MMOF composite melt-blown fabrics also increased when the mass of MMOF increased (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). The addition of MMOF did not change the crystalline structure of PLA, but the higher mass of MMOF inhibited the PLA crystallization (Fig. 4). When the mass ratio of PLA to MMOF was 1:0.03 and 1:0.05, the glass transition temperature of the composite melt-blown fabrics slightly enhanced compared to the pure PLA melt-blown fabric. The crystalline and melting temperatures of the composite melt-blown fabrics increased with the increasing of the mass of MMOF. The moderate input of MMOF had a heterogeneous nucleation effect on PLA crystallization (Fig. 5 and Tab. 2). When the mass of MMOF increased, the saturation magnetic strength of PLA/MMOF composite melt-blown fabrics was also continuously enhanced (Fig. 6). In comparison to the pure PLA melt-blown fabric, the air permeability of the composite melt-blown fabrics was increased, while the filtration resistance reduced. The filtration efficiency of PLA/MMOF composite melt-blown fabric reached the maximum of 65.03% when the mass ratio of PLA to MMOF was 1:0.03 (Fig. 7). The tensile strength of pure PLA melt-blown fabric was about 0.16 MPa, and the elongation at break was about 76.80%. When MMOF was incorporated, the tensile strength of the composite melt-blown materials first enhanced and then reduced. The tensile strength reached the maximum of 0.21 MPa when the mass ratio of PLA to MMOF was 1:0.03. On the other hand, the elongation at break of the composite melt-blown fabrics enhanced with the increasing of MMOF mass (Fig. 8 and Tab. 3).
Conclusion The incorporation of MMOF endows the PLA/MMOF composite melt-blown fabrics with magnetism and improves the air filtration performances. When the mass ratio of PLA to MMOF is 1:0.03, the filtration efficiency and tensile strength of the composite melt-blown fabric reach the maximum. It is believed that PLA/MMOF composite melt-blown fabric with a mass ratio of PLA to MMOF is 1:0.03 has the optimal overall performances. The finding of this research provides some theoretical references for the development of magnetic PLA-based melt-blown filter materials.

Key words: polylactic acid, magnetic metal organic frame material, melt-blown material, air filtration performance, biodegradablility

中图分类号: 

  • TS176

表1

PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的质量比"

样品编号 PLA与MMOF的质量比
M1 1:0
M2 1:0.01
M3 1:0.03
M4 1:0.05
M5 1:0.07

图1

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的SEM照片"

图2

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的纤维直径分布"

图3

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的孔径分布"

图4

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的XRD谱图"

图5

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的DSC曲线"

表2

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的热性能参数"

样品编号 Tg/℃ Tcc/℃ Tm1/℃ Tm2/℃ Xc/%
M1 58.93 110.93 145.93 157.93 3.06
M2 58.93 109.93 147.93 159.93 3.35
M3 58.93 111.93 146.93 158.93 3.03
M4 59.93 112.93 148.93 160.93 2.34
M5 59.93 115.93 149.93 160.93 2.12

图6

不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的磁滞曲线"

图7

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的过滤性能和透气率"

图8

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的应力-应变曲线"

表3

纯PLA及不同质量比的PLA/MMOF复合熔喷布的拉伸性能参数"

样品编号 断裂强度/MPa 断裂伸长率/%
M1 0.16±0.040 76.80±1.35
M2 0.20±0.013 93.77±2.78
M3 0.21±0.057 97.20±2.05
M4 0.15±0.098 108.96±3.96
M5 0.13±0.023 111.33±4.93
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