热辐射暴露下消防员的生理反应及皮肤烧伤预测

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20181101306

纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (02): 147-152.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20181101306

热辐射暴露下消防员的生理反应及皮肤烧伤预测

苏云¹^,²^,³, 杨杰⁴, 李睿⁴, 宋国文⁴, 李俊¹^,²^,³(), 张向辉¹^,²^,³

1.东华大学服装与艺术设计学院, 上海 200051
2.东华大学功能防护服装研究中心, 上海 200051
3.东华大学现代服装设计与技术教育部重点实验室, 上海 200051
4.爱荷华州立大学, 美国爱荷华 50011

收稿日期:2018-11-05 修回日期:2018-11-16 出版日期:2019-02-15 发布日期:2019-02-01
通讯作者: 李俊
作者简介:苏云(1990—),男,讲师,博士。主要研究方向为功能防护服及纺织材料热湿传递模型。
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目(2232018G-08);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51576038);上海市自然科学基金项目(17ZR1400500);东华大学青年教师科研启动基金资助项目(107-07-005328)

Predictions of physiological reaction and skin burn of firefighter exposing to thermal radiation

SU Yun¹^,²^,³, YANG Jie⁴, LI Rui⁴, SONG Guowen⁴, LI Jun¹^,²^,³(), ZHANG Xianghui¹^,²^,³

1. Fashion & Art Design, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
2. Protective Clothing Research Center, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
3. Key Laboratory of Clothing Design and Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
4. Iowa State University, Iowa 50011, USA

Received:2018-11-05 Revised:2018-11-16 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2019-02-01
Contact: LI Jun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为优化消防服热防护性能的评价准则,基于消防服热传递规律与人体热生理调节机制,建立了消防员生理反应与皮肤烧伤预测模型,利用服装热防护性能测试平台对比分析了平均皮肤温度、核心温度的变化趋势与预测误差。结果表明:基于模型预测的平均皮肤温度与核心温度均略大于实验测量结果,但总体变化趋势与实验结果具有较高的一致性;在热暴露条件下消防员面临着皮肤烧伤与热应激的双重威胁,皮肤烧伤更多发生在热暴露阶段,热应激更可能产生在热暴露结束之后,这是由于热传递的滞后效应导致;消防服热防护性能的评价需要综合考虑皮肤烧伤与人体热应激作为评价指标,从而更加准确地标定及优化消防服的热防护性能。

关键词: 生理反应, 皮肤烧伤, 热防护性能, 消防服, 热辐射

Abstract:

In order to improve the evaluation criteria on thermal protective performance of firefighting protective clothing, the prediction model on physiological reaction and skin burn of firefighter exposing to thermal radiation was developed based on mechanisms of heat transfer in clothing and human thermal physiological regulation. The changing trend and prediction deviation of mean skin temperature and core temperature were analyzed by the thermal protective performance tester of clothing. The results demonstrat that the mean skin temperature and core temperature predicted by the model are slightly larger than the values measured by the experiment, but the overall trend presents higher consistence with the experimental results. Additionally, firefighters in the heat exposure subject to threats of both skin burn and heat stress. The skin burn is caused during the exposure while it is more likely to produce heat stress after the end of exposure, which is attributed to lag effect of heat transfer. Therefore, the skin burn and the heat stress should be both used to more precisely characterize and improve the thermal protective performance of firefighting protective clothing.

Key words: physiological reaction, skin burn, thermal protective performance, firefighting protective clothing, thermal radiation

中图分类号:

X924.3

苏云, 杨杰, 李睿, 宋国文, 李俊, 张向辉. 热辐射暴露下消防员的生理反应及皮肤烧伤预测[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(02): 147-152.

SU Yun, YANG Jie, LI Rui, SONG Guowen, LI Jun, ZHANG Xianghui. Predictions of physiological reaction and skin burn of firefighter exposing to thermal radiation[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(02): 147-152.

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类型	成分	密度/ (kg·m^-3)	厚度/ mm	比热/ (J·kg^-1· K^-1)	导热系数/ (W·m^-1· K^-1)
外层	100%Nomex	342	0.6	1 570	0.047
防水透汽层	80%Nomex/20% Kevlar (PTFE镀膜)	122	0.9	1 160	0.034
隔热层	100%Nomex	123	2.2	1 350	0.035

热辐射暴露下消防员的生理反应及皮肤烧伤预测

Predictions of physiological reaction and skin burn of firefighter exposing to thermal radiation

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