纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (04): 129-134.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20180501806

• 机械与器材 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于近场声全息的纺织装备高速运动机构噪声源识别

徐洋(), 李昂昂, 盛晓伟, 孙志军   

  1. 东华大学 机械工程学院, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-08 修回日期:2018-08-14 出版日期:2019-04-15 发布日期:2019-04-16
  • 作者简介:徐洋(1977—),女,教授,博士。主要研究方向为复杂系统建模及参数识别。E-mail:xuyang@dhu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51675094);中央高校基金重点资助项目(2232017A3-04)

Noise source identification of high-speed motion mechanism of textile equipment based on near-field acoustic holography method

XU Yang(), LI Ang'ang, SHENG Xiaowei, SUN Zhijun   

  1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2018-05-08 Revised:2018-08-14 Online:2019-04-15 Published:2019-04-16

RichHTML

2

PDF (PC)

65

摘要：

为准确识别高端纺织装备的噪声源并实现低频噪声控制,以簇绒地毯织机为例,首先利用统计最优近场声全息算法(SONAH)结合Hald经验公式,识别出织机整体声源位置;针对织机工作状态下多个发声机构产生的噪声信号混叠现象,运用Tikhonov正则化算法解决重建过程中由于测量误差引起的不适定问题;采用广义交叉验证法选取最优正则化系数,提高重建图像精度,得出簇绒地毯织机局部区域发声源的声强云图。结果表明:该方法适用于簇绒地毯织机噪声源识别,其中耦联轴系部件中的电动机、针排、主轴等处是簇绒地毯织机的主要噪声源,该方法可为织机主动降噪提供理论支持。

关键词: 簇绒地毯织机, 噪声源识别, 统计最优, 广义交叉验证法

Abstract:

In order to identify the noise source of the upmarket textile equipment and realize the low frequency noise control, the tufted carpet loom was used as an example to accurately locate the main sound generating mechanism. First, the overall sound source position of the loom was identified by using the statistical optimal near-field acoustic holography (SONAH) combined with the Hald empirical formula. In view of the noise aliasing phenomenon produced by multiple sound generating mechanisms under the working state of loom, the Tikhonov regularization algorithm was used to solve the discomfort problem caused by the measurement error in the reconstruction process. The generalized cross validation method was adopted to select the optimal regularization coefficient so as to improve the accuracy of reconstructed image and obtain the sound intensity nephogram of local region sound source of the tufting carpet loom. The results show that the method is suitable for the identification of the tufted carpet loom's noise source, in which the motor in the coupling shafting parts is the main noise source of the tufted carpet loom, providing the theoretical support for the active noise reduction of loom.

Key words: tufted carpet loom, noise source identification, statistical optimum, generalized cross validation

中图分类号: 

  • TB52

图1

织机简化结构示意图"

图2

实验室声场示意图"

图3

识别流程图"

图4

主视方向现场布置图"

图5

噪声信号预处理时频图"

图6

0~350 Hz声学成像图"

图7

织机不同区域的SONAH声学成像图 注:右侧声强的单位为dB。"

图8

主轴振动频谱图"

表1

发声机构分频段对应定位表"

频段 发声机构 噪声形成机制与误差产生原因
图7(a)
0~60 Hz		 电动机与
辅助动电机		 机制:电动机和辅助电动机在转动时由转动倍频引起共振噪声
误差:图中右下误差来自于链条产生的摩擦噪声;上方误差来自于凸轮高速振动产生的共振噪声
图7(b)
60~120 Hz		 针排与钩轴机构 机制:针排与织物摩擦产生噪声
图7(c)
120~3 000 Hz		 主轴曲柄机构 机制:主轴曲柄左右摆动时产生共振噪声
误差: 连杆交接界处出现96 dB左右的第二声学中心
图7(d)
300~600 Hz		 凸轮机构 机制:高速摆动的凸轮与主轴之间产生转动噪声
误差:图中左下误差来自于链条与辊筒之间的摩擦噪声;右侧误差来自于织机提花部件与送纱部件的传动噪声
[1] 刘松林, 李才良, 马吉胜, 等. 近场声压法在定位柴油机故障中的应用[J]. 应用声学, 2002,21(4):41-43.
LIU Songlin, LI Cailiang, MA Jisheng, et al. Method of near-field acoustic pressure of ascertaining diesel fault[J]. Applied Acoustics, 2002,21(4):41-43.
[2] 李玉军, 杨建国. 基于表面振动法的柴油机辐射噪声测量和分析[J]. 噪声与振动控制, 2007,27(2):71-74.
LI Yujun, YANG Jianguo. Radiating noise measurement and analysis of diesel engine based on surface vibration measurement[J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2007,27(2):71-74.
[3] 罗虹, 余文国, 褚志刚. 声强测量法在发动机表面声源识别中的运用[J]. 重庆大学学报(自然科学版), 2005,28(6):9-11.
LUO Hong, YU Wenguo, CHU Zhigang. Application of sound intensity measurement method in spotting the noise source of engine surface[J]. Journal of Chongqing University (Natural Science Edition), 2005,28(6):9-11.
[4] 李卫兵. 基于统计最优和波叠加方法的近场声全息技术研究[D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学, 2006: 19-37.
LI Weibing. Investigation on statistically optimal and wave superposition methods based nearfield acoustic holography[D]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2006: 19-37.
[5] 褚志刚, 杨洋. 基于波束形成缩放声强的声源局部声功率计算[J]. 声学学报, 2013,38(3):265-271.
CHU Zhigang, YANG Yang. Calculation of the partial area sound power based on the scaled beamforming sound intensity[J]. Acta Acustica, 2013,38(3):265-271.
[6] MO/RKHOLT J, HALD J, GADE S. Sound intensity measurements in vehicle interiors[J]. Sound and Vibration, 2011,45(12):12-14.
[7] YONG T C, BOLTON J S, HALD J. Source visualization by using statistically optimized near-field acoustical holography in cylindrical coordinates[J]. Journal of The Acoustical Society of America, 2012,118(118):2355-2364.
[8] HALD J. Basic theory and properties of statistically optimized near-field acoustical holography[J]. Vibra-tion & Measurement, 2009,125(4):2105-2120.
[9] HANSEN P C, REGULARIZATION T. A Matlab package for analysis and solution of discrete ill-posed problems[J]. Numerical Algorithms, 1994,6(1):1-35.
[10] GOLUB G H, HEATH M, WAHBA G. Generalized cross-validation as a method for choosing a good ridge parameter[J]. Technometrics, 1979,21(2):215-223.
doi: 10.1080/00401706.1979.10489751
[11] 李乾坤, 孟婥, 孙志军, 等. 基于影响系数法的簇绒地毯织机耦联主轴动平衡研究[J]. 机械科学与技术, 2013,32(8):1159-1162.
LI Qiankun, MENG Zhuo, SUN Zhijun, et al. Study on coupled spindle dynamic balancing of tufted carpet loom based on influence coefficient method[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology, 2013,32(8):1159-1162.
[12] 陈心昭, 毕传兴. 近场声全息技术及应用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2013: 77-85.
CHNE Xinzhao, BI Chuanxing. Near Field Acoustic Holography and Its Application[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2013: 77-85.
[1] 陈绍用, 徐洋, 盛晓伟, 张子煜. 基于滤波最小均方算法的簇绒地毯装备噪声主动控制[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(07): 88-92.
[2] 徐洋 盛晓伟 李昂昂 钱如峰 孙志军. 基于经验模态分解和离散小波能量特征的地毯织机噪声源识别[J]. 纺织学报, 2018, 39(08): 138-143.
[3] 黄双 郗欣甫 徐洋 孙以泽. 簇绒地毯织机耦联轴系的铰链间隙对毯面绒高的影响[J]. 纺织学报, 2016, 37(08): 132-137.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备14006648号　 京公网安备11010502044800号
版权所有 © 2021 《纺织学报》编辑部
地址： 北京市朝阳区延静里中街3号主楼6层《纺织学报》杂志社　邮政编码：100025　
电话：010-65017711,65917740　传真：010-65016539　Email:fangzhixuebao@vip.126.com
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发