纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (05): 25-29.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20190708005

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

偕胺肟化SiO2/聚丙烯腈复合纤维膜的制备及其性能

张一敏1,2, 周伟涛1,3, 何建新1,2, 杜姗3, 陈香香1,2, 崔世忠1,2   

  1. 1.中原工学院 河南省功能性纺织材料重点实验室, 河南 郑州 451191
    2.中原工学院 纺织服装产业研究院,河南 郑州 451191
    3.纺织服装产业河南省协同创新中心, 河南 郑州 451191
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-31 修回日期:2020-02-14 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-06-02
  • 作者简介:张一敏(1995—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为静电纺油水分离材料。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51803244);郑州市科技公关项目(153PKJGG129)

Fabrication and properties of amidoxime-modified SiO2/polyacrylonitrile composite fibrous nonwovens

ZHANG Yimin1,2, ZHOU Weitao1,3, HE Jianxin1,2, DU Shan3, CHEN Xiangxiang1,2, CUI Shizhong1,2   

  1. 1. Hennan Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan451191, China
    2. Institute of Textile and Garment Industry, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
    3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
  • Received:2019-07-31 Revised:2020-02-14 Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-06-02

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摘要：

为构筑具有特殊表/界面性能的膜材料,利用静电纺丝技术制备SiO2/聚丙烯腈(PAN)复合纤维膜,然后经盐酸羟胺偕胺肟化处理赋予其超亲水及水下超疏油性能。借助场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪、傅里叶变换光谱仪及接触角测试仪等分析了纤维膜的微观形貌、结构和表/界面性质。结果表明:偕胺肟化改性后纤维膜表面有絮状物包覆,盐酸羟胺改性液最佳质量浓度为35~40 g/L,最佳改性温度为60 ℃,偕胺肟化SiO2/PAN纤维的平均直径为275 nm;改性后纤维膜表面Si和O元素质量分数为2.13%和6.60%,SiO2锚固在PAN纤维膜表面,且SiO2/PAN偕胺肟化成功;相比PAN纤维膜,SiO2/PAN纤维膜在60 ℃偕胺肟化后水润湿时间由5.4 s缩短到0.5 s,且水下油接触角达到(165.2±1)°;偕胺肟化纤维膜断裂强度达4.1 MPa,可满足油水分离的基本要求。

关键词: 偕胺肟化, SiO2, 聚丙烯腈, 静电喷涂, 纳米纤维膜, 油水分离, 亲水疏油性能

Abstract:

In order to construct membrane materials with special surface/interface properties, amidoxime-modified SiO2/polyacrylonitrile(PAN)nonwovens with highly hydrophilic and underwater super-hydrophobic surface were fabricated using electrospinning and amidoximation with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The composite nonwovens were characterized by the field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and contact angle tester. The results show that the surfaces of the amidoxime-modified nanofibrous nonwovens are covered with floccule, the average diameters of amidoxime-modified SiO2/PAN nonwovens are 275 nm at the optimal volume concentration of 35-40 g/L and the best modification temperature is 60 ℃. The fraction content of Si and O elements on the surface of the modified nanofibrous nonwovens are 2.13% and 6.60%, receptively. All these results demonstrate that SiO2 particles are successfully deposited onto the PAN nonwovens. Comparing with PAN nonwovens (wetting time 5.4 s), after 60 ℃ amidoximation, the wetting time of SiO2/PAN nonwovens is shortened to 0.5 s. Moreover, the underwater oil contact angle of as-prepared composited nonwovens reach (165.2±1)°. The breaking strength of amidoxime-modified nanofibrous nonwovens is 4.1 MPa,and it meet the basic requirements of oil-water separation.

Key words: amidoximation, SiO2, polyacrylonitrile, electrospraying, nanofiber, oil-water separartion, hydrophilic and oleophobic

中图分类号: 

  • TQ031.7

图1

纤维膜的电镜照片(×10 000)"

图2

不同盐酸羟胺质量浓度改性后SiO2/PAN纤维膜的扫描电镜照片(×10 000)"

图3

偕胺肟化SiO2/PAN的扫描电镜照片及EDS能谱图"

图4

偕胺肟化前后SiO2/PAN红外光谱图"

表1

反应温度对膜渗透时间和水下油接触角的影响"

反应温度/℃ 渗透时间/s 水下油接触角/(°)
30 3.2 146.5±2
45 1.8 151.9±2
60 0.5 165.2±1
75 4.9 143.2±2

图5

改性前后纳米纤维膜的拉伸曲线"

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