导电涤纶非织造布的制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20190904606

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为开发智能柔性传感器及具有防护功能的金属化导电纺织材料,采用高温无钯活性镍源和化学镀的方法制备涤纶镀镍非织造布。分析了镀覆温度、镀液pH值、镀覆时间、主盐浓度对涤纶非织造布电阻的影响,并测试了镀镍非织造布的导电性、保暖性和抗电磁辐射性能。得到涤纶非织造布化学镀镍最佳工艺:主盐硫酸镍浓度为0.1 mol/L, 镀覆温度为50 ℃,pH值为9,时间为60 min。结果表明:采用最佳工艺制备的镀镍非织造布的方块电阻下降至0.114 Ω/□,导电性能优异;且镀镍后非织造布热阻提高,克罗值增加,传热系数降低,在100~3 000 MHz范围内屏蔽效能增加,具有较好的保暖性和抗电磁辐射性能;涤纶表面镀层致密平整,镀层主要成分为金属镍。

关键词: 化学镀, 涤纶非织造布, 导电材料, 保暖性, 抗电磁辐射

Abstract:

In order to develop intelligent flexible sensors and metallized conductive textile materials with special protection functions, nickel-plated polyester nonwovens were prepared by high-temperature palladium-free active nickel source and electroless plating. The effects of plating temperature, pH value, plating time and main salt concentration on the resistance of polyester nonwovens were analyzed, and the best plating parameters was optimized. The conductivity, heat preservation and electromagnetic radiation resistance of the coated nonwovens were tested. The results show that the optimal condition for electroless plating process of nonwoven fabrics is as follows: the concentration of the main salt of electroless nickel plating is 0.1 mol/L, the plating temperature is 50 ℃, the pH value is 9, and the time is 60 min. The resistance of nickel-plated nonwovens decreases to 0.114 Ω/□, indicating excellent conductivity. After nickel plating, the thermal resistance of nonwovens is improved, the clo value is increased, the heat transfer coefficient decreases, and the shielding efficiency increase in the range of 100-3 000 MHz, which has better heat preservation and anti-electromagnetic radiation performance. The coating on the surface of polyester fibers is found compact and smooth, and the main component of the coating is nickel.

Key words: electroless plating, polyester nonwoven fabric, conductive material, warmth retention, anti-electromagnetic radiation

中图分类号:

TS195.5

王秋萍, 张瑞萍, 李成红, 张葛成. 导电涤纶非织造布的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(10): 116-121.

WANG Qiuping, ZHANG Ruiping, LI Chenghong, ZHANG Gecheng. Preparation and characterization of conductive polyester nonwovens[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2020, 41(10): 116-121.

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温度/℃	方阻/(Ω·□^-1)	温度/℃	方阻/(Ω·□^-1)
30	0.571	70	0.406
50	0.250	90	0.649

pH值	方阻/(Ω·□^-1)
7	1.322
8	0.434
9	0.114
10	0.148
11	0.177

时间/min	方阻/(Ω·□^-1)
30	1.000
45	0.966
60	0.114
75	0.640
90	0.650

试样	试样厚度/mm	热阻/(m²·K·W^-1)	克罗值/(m²·K·W^-1)	热导率/(W·m^-1·K^-1)	传热系数/(W·m^-2·K^-1)
镀镍前非织造布	0.160	0.050	0.323	0.003	19.960
镀镍非织造布	0.260	0.070	0.455	0.003	14.186

元素	质量分数	原子分数
C	18.87	53.24
O	2.08	4.41
P	7.67	8.39
Ni	53.53	30.00
Au	17.85	3.07
总量	100.00	100.00