纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 189-196.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200200408

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    

用于油水分离的超润湿性纺织品研究进展

余钰骢1,2, 史晓龙2, 刘琳2, 姚菊明2()   

  1. 1.浙江理工大学 纺织科学与工程学院, 浙江 杭州 310018
    2.浙江理工大学 材料科学与工程学院, 浙江 杭州 310018
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-03 修回日期:2020-07-26 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2020-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 姚菊明
  • 作者简介:余钰骢(1990—),女,助理研究员,博士生。主要研究方向为生物质高分子材料。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“万人计划”科技创新领军人才专项;国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFE0131400);国家自然科学基金面上基金项目(51672251)

Recent progress in super wettable textiles for oil-water separation

YU Yucong1,2, SHI Xiaolong2, LIU Lin2, YAO Juming2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
  • Received:2020-02-03 Revised:2020-07-26 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2020-11-26
  • Contact: YAO Juming

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摘要：

随着工业含油废水对全球水环境的持续破坏,应用于油水分离领域的超润湿纺织品成为近年来的研究热点。为促进超润湿纺织品的开发和应用,综述了近期国内外超润湿纺织品分离净化含油废水的研究进展,并对超疏水性/超亲油性、超亲水性/水下超疏油性表面的构建方法进行分类介绍,并分析了单一润湿性材料在实际应用中的局限性。为应对含有乳液、表面活性剂、染料和金属离子等杂质的含油污水,阐述了新型的Janus材料、智能响应材料以及多功能集成的油水分离材料的废水处理机制,分析了目前新型油水分离材料的研究进展和挑战。指出,随着含油污水的成分日益复杂,收集和净化难度增大,开发绿色、可持续和多功能的复合型超润湿纺织品具有重要的研究意义。

关键词: 油水分离, 纺织品, Janus材料, 智能响应材料, 超润湿性, 废水处理

Abstract:

With the destruction of industrial oily wastewater to the global water environment, the application of ultra-wetting textiles in the field of oil-water separation has become a research hotspot in recent years. In order to promote the development and application of ultra-wetting textiles, the research progress of separation and purification of oily wastewater from ultra-wetting textiles was reviewed. The methods of developing super hydrophobicity/super hydrophilic, super hydrophilic/underwater super hydrophobicity are classified, and the limitations of single wetting material in practical application are analyzed. In order to deal with the large displacement and multi-component oily wastewater, the Janus wettability, intelligent wettability and multi-functional oil-water separation material are effective way to purify the complex oil-water wastewater. Based on the research progress of new ultra-wetting textiles, the current challenges and future research directions are discussed. In the future, as the composition of oily wastewater becomes more and more complex, the difficulty of collection and purification increases, it is of great significance to develop green, sustainable and multi-functional composite superwetting textile.

Key words: oil-water separation, textiles, Janus material, intelligently responsive material, super wettability, wastewater treatment

中图分类号: 

  • X791

图1

增加表面粗糙度的不同方法"

表1

具有复合功能的油水分离纺织品"

文献 复合功能类别 基底 功能物质 制备方法 分离净化性能
[41] 分离不同类型乳液、去除表面活性剂 聚丙烯滤膜 聚多巴胺、多乙烯多胺 分步浸渍 乳液分离效率为99.5%;表面活性剂去除率为95.7%
[46] pH值和紫外光双响应、光催化、去除铜离子 聚丙烯非
织造布		 纤维素纳米晶/氧化锌 原位沉积 铜离子去除率为74%;紫外光照射3 h去除91.2%染料
[47] 物理自清洁、耐强酸 涤/棉织物 TiO2-SiO2/ PDMS 溶胶-凝胶法 低滑动角小于5°;强酸浸泡100 h保持150°水接触角,重力导向下可分离水/石油混合物
[48] 物理自清洁作用 棉织物 TiO2微纳米颗粒 水热法 水接触角大于160°,滑动角小于6°,重力导向下分离石油醚和水
[49] 光催化作用 聚酯非织造布 TiO2粒子、笼状倍半硅氧烷 浸渍、硫醇烯反应 分离效率为99%;紫外光照射6 h可几乎完全去除废水中的染料
[50] 光催化、抗菌活性 棉织物 Ag/ZnO粒子 浸渍,原位沉积 100%抑菌率;紫外光照射1.5 h去除90%染料
[51] pH值响应、抗强酸碱、抗菌 棉织物、滤纸 SiO2粒子、聚乙烯亚胺 黏合剂 分离效率为99.9%;通量高达2×104 L/(m2·h)
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