纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (01): 84-89.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200403306

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物基锦纶56用抗静电纺丝油剂的复配及其对短纤维可纺性的影响

王迎1, 王怡婷1, 吴佳庆1, 郭亚飞2, 郝新敏2()   

  1. 1.大连工业大学 纺织与材料工程学院, 辽宁 大连 116034
    2.军事科学院系统工程研究院 军需工程技术研究所, 北京 100082
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-14 修回日期:2020-09-27 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 郝新敏
  • 作者简介:王迎(1976—),女,教授,博士。主要研究方向为纺纱技术。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U1808211);辽宁省重大科技专项资助项目(2019JH1/10100010)

Preparation of compound antistatic spinning oil for bio-based polyamide 56 and its effect on staple fiber spinnability

WANG Ying1, WANG Yiting1, WU Jiaqing1, GUO Yafei2, HAO Xinmin2()   

  1. 1. School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
    2. Institute of Quartermaster Engineering & Technology, Institute of System Engineering, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100082, China
  • Received:2020-04-14 Revised:2020-09-27 Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-01-21
  • Contact: HAO Xinmin

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摘要：

针对生物基锦纶56(PA56)短纤维质量比电阻大,静电严重,可纺性差的问题,采用市售油剂和抗静电剂复配技术开发了抗静电性、集束性、可纺性较好的生物基PA56纺丝油剂。研究了抗静电剂质量浓度对复配油剂电导率、pH值的影响,考察了经复配油剂处理后PA56纤维的表面形貌、摩擦因数、质量比电阻及梳理机成网加工性能。结果表明:复配油剂在纤维表面形成一层光滑、均匀的油膜;复配纺丝油剂中抗静电剂质量浓度在2 g/L、市售油剂质量浓度在12 g/L为宜,经处理的PA56纤维在相对湿度为35%,室温下可顺利梳理成网,且纤维网均匀、无破洞、云斑;该油剂复配方案提升了锦纶的集束性、抗静电性、可纺性,节能环保,对纺纱车间温湿度要求低。

关键词: 生物基锦纶, 抗静电性, 纺丝油剂, 复配油剂, 可纺性

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of high mass specific resistance, serious static electricity and poor spinnability of bio-based polyamide 56 (PA56) staple fibers, a spinning oil was developed using the compound technology of commercial oil and antistatic agent. The influence of antistatic agent concentration on the conductivity and pH value of the compound oil was studied. The surface morphology, friction coefficient, mass specific resistance and carding performance of the bio-based PA56 staple fibers were investigated. The results showed that a smooth and uniform oil film was formed on the fiber surface after the compound oil treatment. The optimum concentration of antistatic agent and spinning oil were 2 g/L and 12 g/L respectively. Under this condition, a fiber-web from the PA56 staples was formed at the relative humidity of 35% and room temperature, which was uniform without holes and cloud spots. This compound spinning oil improves the bunching, antistatic and spinnability of PA56 staple fibers. It is a green and energy-saving method, requiring only for ambient temperature and humidity of spinning workshop.

Key words: bio-based polyamide fiber, antistatic performance, spinning oil, compound oil, spinnability

中图分类号: 

  • TS154

表1

抗静电剂与油剂的复配方案"

试样编号 抗静电剂质量浓度/
(g·L-1)		 市售油剂质量浓度/
(g·L-1)
N0 0.00 0
Y0 0.00 12
E1 0.05 12
E2 0.10 12
E3 0.20 12
E4 0.60 12
E5 1.00 12
E6 2.00 12
E7 4.00 12
E8 6.00 12
E9 8.00 12
E10 10.00 12

图1

复配纺丝油剂的电导率"

图2

复配纺丝油剂的pH值"

表2

油剂特性、纤维摩擦因数与可纺性的关系"

类别 效果 油剂特性 摩擦因数要求
成网性 均匀 平滑性、抱合性 μs大,μd小
棉条蓬松 小 抱合性、抗静电性 μs大
堵喇叭口 不堵 平滑性、抗静电性 μs大,μd小
牵伸斑 少 平滑性 μs大,μd小
棉条断落 少 抱合性、平滑性 μs大,μd小
成纱强力 高 抱合性 μs大

表3

PA56短纤维的静摩擦因数"

试样编号 静摩擦因数 试样编号 静摩擦因数
Y0 0.432 0 E6 0.466 9
E1 0.433 4 E7 0.491 9
E2 0.426 9 E8 0.558 0
E3 0.445 7 E9 0.564 2
E4 0.439 3 E10 0.504 6
E5 0.437 2

图3

PA56短纤维的质量比电阻"

图4

PA56短纤维SEM照片(×2 000)"

图5

PA56短纤维的EDS图谱"

图6

PA56短纤维梳理效果"

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