碳纳米管/聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维膜的制备及其压电性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20200305207

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)的压电性能,采用静电纺丝法将碳纳米管(CNTs)引入到PVDF纳米纤维膜中制备CNTs/PVDF纳米纤维膜,并组装成三明治结构的柔性压电传感器,探究CNTs质量分数对CNTs/PVDF纳米纤维膜压电性能的影响。借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、万能试验机以及数字示波器对纳米纤维的形貌、结构、力学性能及压电性能进行表征。结果表明:CNTs/PVDF纳米纤维膜具有良好的力学特性,CNTs的添加有利于晶体结构中β晶型的形成;当CNTs质量分数为5%时,CNTs/PVDF纳米纤维的晶体结构中β晶型含量最多,压电性能最强,此时柔性传感器的输出电压达到最大值7.5 V。

关键词: 聚偏氟乙烯, 碳纳米管, 柔性传感器, 压电传感器, 压电性能, 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维膜

Abstract:

In order to improve the piezoelectric properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber membrane, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were introduced in PVDF nanofiber membrane to fabricate CNTs/PVDF nanofiber membrane by electrospinning, and a simple flexible piezoelectric sensor with a sandwich structure was assembled. The effect of the mass fraction of CNTs on the piezoelectric properties of CNTs/PVDF nanofiber membrane was investigated. The morphology, structure, mechanical properties and piezoelectric properties of the nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, universal testing machine and digital oscilloscope. The results show that CNTs/PVDF nanofiber membrane has good mechanical properties, and the addition of CNTs into the fiber supports the formation of β crystal type in the crystal structure. When the mass fraction of CNTs is 5%, the content of β crystal type is the highest in the crystal structure of CNTs/PVDF nanofiber, and the piezoelectric performance is the strongest. Under such conditions, the output voltage of the flexible sensor reached the maximum value of 7.5 V.

Key words: polyvinylidene fluoride, carbon nanotubes, flexible sensor, piezoelectric sensor, piezoelectric property, electrospinning, nanofiber membrane

中图分类号:

TP212.9

张亦可, 贾凡, 桂澄, 晋蕊, 李戎. 碳纳米管/聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维膜的制备及其压电性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(03): 44-49.

ZHANG Yike, JIA Fan, GUI Cheng, JIN Rui, LI Rong. Preparation and piezoelectric properties of carbon nanotubes/polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(03): 44-49.

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CNTs质量分数/%	β晶型的相对含量/%
0	52.69
1	58.32
3	68.57
5	80.25
8	74.52
10	60.09

CNTs质量分数/%	断裂应力/MPa	断裂伸长率/%
0	0.929	112.796
1	0.812	113.519
3	1.574	158.686
5	1.185	106.337
8	1.133	95.988
10	1.071	75.695