纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (05): 115-121.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200505207

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

银纳米线改性棉织物的制备及其性能

赵永芳, 钱建华(), 孙丽颖, 彭慧敏, 梅敏   

  1. 浙江理工大学 纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院), 浙江 杭州 310018
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-26 修回日期:2021-02-01 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 钱建华
  • 作者简介:赵永芳(1995—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为新型纤维材料。

Preparation and properties of cotton fabric modified by silver nanowires

ZHAO Yongfang, QIAN Jianhua(), SUN Liying, PENG Huimin, MEI Min   

  1. College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
  • Received:2020-05-26 Revised:2021-02-01 Online:2021-05-15 Published:2021-05-20
  • Contact: QIAN Jianhua

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摘要：

为提高棉织物附加值并改善其对改性成分的吸附性,首先利用高碘酸钠氧化处理以增加棉纤维的粘结性,然后采用一步多元醇还原法,在160 ℃条件下制备银纳米线(AgNWs)并分散到无水乙醇中,以棉织物为基底,采用浸渍—烘干法将AgNWs整理到棉织物表面。对AgNWs的形貌、长度、直径及结晶结构进行了测试与表征,并分析了整理后棉织物的防紫外线性能、导电性和耐洗性能。结果表明:随着AgNWs质量浓度的增加,棉织物的导电性能提高了80% 以上;当AgNWs质量浓度为10 g/L时,紫外线防护系数(UPF值)可达55,紫外线透过率可降至2.5%以下;氧化处理使改性棉织物的耐洗性能提高了20%,经氧化处理的改性棉织物经3次洗涤后UPF值仍可达46.51;该柔性导电棉织物可应用于柔性电子纺织品和抗紫外线产品中。

关键词: 银纳米线, 棉织物, 氧化处理, 防紫外线性能, 导电性, 柔性导电棉织物

Abstract:

In order to increase the added value of cotton fabrics and improve its adsorption to modifying components, sodium periodate was used for oxidation treatment to increase the adhesion of cotton fiber. Silver nanowires (AgNWs) were then prepared by one-step polyol reduction method at 160 ℃ and dispersed in anhydrous ethanol. With a cotton fabric as the substrate, AgNWs was finished on the surface of the fabric by the impregnation drying method. The finished cotton fabric was characterized, and its UV resistance, conductivity and washing resistance were tested. The results show that with the increase of AgNWs concentration, the electrical conductivity of the fabric increases by more than 80%. When the AgNWs concentration is 10 g/L, the UV protection factor (UPF) value reaches 55, and the UV transmittance is reduced to less than 2.5%. The washing resistance of the modified cotton fabric is improved by 20% after the oxidation treatment, and the UPF value of the modified fabric after three times of washing reaches 46.51. The flexible conductive cotton fabric can be applied to flexible electronic textiles and anti ultraviolet products.

Key words: silver nanowire, cotton fabric, oxidation treatment, UV resistance, conductivity, flexible conductive fabric

中图分类号: 

  • TS156

图1

AgNWs制备过程中溶液颜色变化"

图2

AgNWs的扫描电镜照片"

图3

AgNWs长度及直径分布图"

图4

AgNWs的XRD图谱"

表1

样品的防紫外线性能评定标准"

UPF值范围 防护效果 紫外线透过率/% UPF等级
15~24 良好 6.7~4.2 15,20
25~39 很好 4.1~2.6 25,30,35
40~50,50 极佳 ≤2.5 40,45,50,50+

图5

AgNWs质量浓度与UPF值的关系"

图6

AgNWs质量浓度与UVA透过率(a)和UVB透过率(b)的关系"

表2

不同质量浓度AgNWs处理过的棉织物的方块电阻"

AgNWs质量浓度/
(g·L-1)		 方块电阻/
(Ω·□-1)		 AgNWs质量浓度/
(g·L-1)		 方块电阻/
(Ω·□-1)
10 87 30 60
20 75 40 15

图7

氧化处理前后棉织物扫描电镜照片(×1 000)"

图8

棉织物附着AgNWs的扫描电镜照片(×1 000)"

图9

不同时间氧化处理棉织物的方块电阻值"

图10

不同氧化处理时间的棉织物断裂强力"

表3

改性棉织物洗涤3次后的防紫外线性能"

氧化处理时间/min UPF值 透过率平均值/%
UVA UVB
0 30.46 2.01 1.61
15 42.17 0.97 0.62
30 45.42 0.93 0.60
45 46.51 0.89 0.51

图11

氧化处理时间对改性棉织物水洗质量损失率的影响"

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