纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (08): 115-121.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201200107

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

芳纶织物基界面光热蒸发材料的制备及其性能

陈亚丽1,2, 赵国猛2, 任李培2, 潘露琪2, 陈贝2, 肖杏芳1,2(), 徐卫林2   

  1. 1.武汉纺织大学 生物质纤维与生态染整湖北省重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430200
    2.武汉纺织大学 省部共建纺织新材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430200
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-01 修回日期:2021-02-09 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-08-24
  • 通讯作者: 肖杏芳
  • 作者简介:陈亚丽(1996—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为光热性能纺织品。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(51773158);生物质纤维与生态染整湖北省重点实验室开放课题资助项目(STRZ2020014);湖北省教育厅指导性项目(B2020071)

Preparation and performance of aramid fabric-based interfacial photothermal evaporation materials

CHEN Yali1,2, ZHAO Guomeng2, REN Lipei2, PAN Luqi2, CHEN Bei2, XIAO Xingfang1,2(), XU Weilin2   

  1. 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei 430200, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei 430200, China
  • Received:2020-12-01 Revised:2021-02-09 Published:2021-08-15 Online:2021-08-24
  • Contact: XIAO Xingfang

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摘要：

太阳能水蒸发技术作为一种理想的获取淡水资源的方式,具有成本低廉、安全、环保以及太阳能转换效率高等优点。为实现高效稳定的太阳能界面蒸发,以高性能纤维织物芳纶为基底,采用多巴胺原位聚合和活性炭浸涂制备了一种芳纶织物基吸光材料。对改性前后芳纶织物的微观结构、润湿性、吸光性、吸光稳定性和力学性能进行测试与分析,研究芳纶织物基吸光材料蒸发器件的太阳能水蒸发性能。结果表明:经多巴胺和活性炭修饰后芳纶织物的润湿性和吸光性得到显著提高,且具有稳定的吸光性和力学强度;在模拟的一个太阳光强下,芳纶织物基蒸发器件多次循环蒸发实验的蒸发速率稳定在1.81 kg/(m2·h);该蒸发器件可从各类废水中获取洁净水,实现长期稳定的废水处理。

关键词: 芳纶织物, 光热转换, 界面蒸发, 太阳能水蒸发技术, 废水处理

Abstract:

Solar steam generation technology is one of the most promising techniques for obtaining fresh water because of its low cost, safety, environmental friendliness and high efficiency. In order to achieve efficient and stable photothermal performance of absorbers in the solar interfacial water evaporation system, an aramid fabric with high performance was used as the substrate to prepare the polydopamine and activated carbon modified aramid fabric by in-situ polymerization and dip-coating methods. The microstructure, wettability, light absorption, light absorption stability and mechanical properties of the aramid fabric before and after modification were tested and analyzed, and the solar-vapor generation performance was tested by a self-assembled device. The results show that the modified aramid fabric demonstrates a remarkable improvement in wettability and light absorption, together with stable light absorption and mechanical strength. At one-sun intensity, the steam generation rate of the aramid fabric based evaporation device for multiple cycles is stable at 1.81 kg/(m2·h). The evaporation device used for generating freshwater from wastewater could be used in long-term stable wastewater treatment.

Key words: aramid fabric, photothermal conversion, interfacial evaporation, solar steam generation technology, wastewater treatment

中图分类号: 

  • TS190.8

图1

AC-PDA-AF的制备流程图"

图2

太阳能水蒸发装置和蒸发器件工作原理图"

图3

改性前后芳纶织物的SEM照片"

图4

改性前后芳纶织物的水接触角"

图5

太阳辐射光谱和改性前后芳纶织物的光吸收谱图"

图6

超声波处理前后织物的吸光谱图和光学照片"

图7

冲洗前后PDA-AF和AC-PDA-AF的吸光谱图"

图8

改性前后芳纶织物的应力-应变曲线"

图9

纯水、PDA-AF和AC-PDA-AF的热成像图片"

图10

不同样品和AC-PDA-AF循环30次的蒸发速率"

图11

户外蒸发环境及实验效果图"

图12

户外太阳能水蒸发装置图"

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