纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (09): 24-30.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210300607

• 特约专栏:智能纤维与制品 • 上一篇    下一篇

辐射降温纳米纤维医用防护服面料及传感系统集成

吴钦鑫, 侯成义(), 李耀刚, 张青红, 秦宗益, 王宏志   

  1. 东华大学 纤维材料改性国家重点实验室, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-01 修回日期:2021-05-09 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 侯成义
  • 作者简介:吴钦鑫(1997—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为智能可穿戴材料。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(52073057);上海市青年科技启明星计划项目(20QA1400300)

Radiative cooling nanofiber medical fabrics and sensor system integration

WU Qinxin, HOU Chengyi(), LI Yaogang, ZHANG Qinghong, QIN Zongyi, WANG Hongzhi   

  1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2021-03-01 Revised:2021-05-09 Published:2021-09-15 Online:2021-09-27
  • Contact: HOU Chengyi

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摘要：

针对传统医用防护服的穿着舒适性差、功能单一等问题,采用静电纺丝法制备了具有辐射降温功能的二氧化硅/聚偏氟乙烯(SiO2/PVDF)纳米纤维,采用热压法将SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维与非织造布制成新型防护服面料(SiO2/PVDF-NWF)。测试了SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维的结构和红外光透过率,以及新型防护服面料的穿着舒适性、防护性、辐射降温性能。结果表明:在质量分数为15%的PVDF纺丝液中,当SiO2粒径为2 μm,SiO2与PVDF的质量比为0.15时,SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维的红外光透过率最好;将传统防护服上的部分面料替换为SiO2/PVDF-NWF,测试人员穿着时的服内温度比传统防护服低2 ℃,相对湿度下降5%。此外,在辐射降温防护服面料上集成了血氧、温湿度和定位传感器,构筑了多功能防护系统,其在医疗应急方面具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 防护服面料, 二氧化硅/聚偏氟乙烯, 静电纺丝, 辐射降温, 多功能防护服

Abstract:

Traditional medical protective clothing offers limited functions and lacks of wear comfort. Accordingly, this research focused on the preparation of radiative cooling silicon dioxide/poly(1,1-difluoroethylene) nanofibers through electrospinning, and the making of nonwoven fabrics using hot pressing to obtain a new protective clothing fabrics (SiO2/PVDF-NWF). The microstructure and infrared transmittance of SiO2/PVDF nanofibers were measure and characterized, and the wearing comfort, protection performance, and radiative cooling effect of the as-obtained SiO2/PVDF-NWF were tested. The results show that with 15% PVDF spinning solution, optimal infrared transmittance of SiO2/PVDF nanofibers is achieved when the SiO2 particle size is 2 μm and the mass ratio of SiO2/PVDF is 0.15. The temperature inside clothes was found 2 ℃ lower than that in the traditional protective clothing and the relative humidity was reduced by 5% after replacing part of the fabric on the traditional protective clothing with SiO2/PVDF-NWF. In addition, the multifunctional protective system is constructed by integrating sensors for blood oxygen, temperature, humidity and positioning on the radiative cooling protective clothing fabrics, offerring a broad application prospect for medical applications.

Key words: protective clothing, silicon dioxide/poly(1,1-difluoroethylene), electrospinning, radiative cooling, multifunctional protective clothing

中图分类号: 

  • TS102.6

图1

不同SiO2粒径下SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维的SEM照片"

图2

不同SiO2粒径的SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维的红外透过率图谱"

图3

不同PVDF质量分数的SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维的SEM照片"

图4

不同PVDF质量分数的SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维红外光谱"

图5

不同SiO2掺杂量的SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维的SEM照片"

图6

不同SiO2掺杂量的SiO2/PVDF纳米纤维的红外光谱"

图7

防护服面料的透气性"

表1

SiO2/PVDF-NWF和M-NWF的透湿率和热阻"

样品 透湿率/(g·m-2·h-1) 热阻/(℃·m2·W-1)
M-NWF 26.762 0.115 9
SiO2/PVDF-NWF 240.658 0.083 8

图8

辐射降温防护服面料性能测试图"

图9

天空辐射降温图"

图10

穿着防护服时体表温湿度变化"

图11

多功能防护服系统示意图"

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