纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 103-109.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201206407

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚乙烯亚胺/植酸层层自组装阻燃涤/棉混纺织物制备及其性能

刘新华1,2(), 刘海龙1, 方寅春1, 严鹏1, 侯广开1   

  1. 1.安徽工程大学 纺织服装学院, 安徽 芜湖 241000
    2.安徽省纺织行业科技公共服务平台, 安徽 芜湖 241000
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-13 修回日期:2021-07-02 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-11-29
  • 作者简介:刘新华(1964—),男,教授,硕士。主要研究方向为功能高分子材料。E-mail: liuxinhua66@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(21302001);安徽省自然科学基金项目(1908085QE225)

Preparation and properties of flame retardant polyester/cotton blended fabrics by layer-by-layer assemblying polyethylenimine/phytic acid

LIU Xinhua1,2(), LIU Hailong1, FANG Yinchun1, YAN Peng1, HOU Guangkai1   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
    2. Anhui Textile Industry Science and Technology Public Service Platform, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
  • Received:2020-12-13 Revised:2021-07-02 Published:2021-11-15 Online:2021-11-29

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摘要：

为实现涤/棉混纺织物的环保阻燃,以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和植酸(PA)为原料,基于层层自组装(LBL)方法,在涤/棉混纺织物表面构建PEI/PA阻燃涂层。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、极限氧指数(LOI)测试仪和垂直燃烧测试仪等对整理前后涤/棉混纺织物的红外特征吸收、微观形貌、热稳定性和阻燃性能进行表征和测定。结果表明:采用LBL方法在涤/棉混纺织物上成功构建PEI/PA阻燃涂层;与未整理的涤/棉混纺织物相比,经过PEI/PA涂层整理后的涤/棉混纺织物LOI值可达32.3%,损毁长度降至98 mm,续燃时间和阴燃时间都为0 s,无熔滴产生,且对织物的断裂强度和白度影响较小;涤/棉混纺织物的热稳定性能得到提高,形成稳定的炭层;经20次洗涤其LOI值大于26%,表现出较好的耐久性。

关键词: 涤/棉混纺织物, 阻燃整理, 植酸, 层层自组装, 耐久性, 功能性纺织品, 阻燃织物

Abstract:

In order to achieve environmental friendly flame retardancy of polyester/cotton fabrics, PEI/PA flame retardant coating was constructed on the surface of polyester/cotton fabrics using polyethyleneimine (PEI) and phytic acid (PA) as raw materials based on the layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) method. The infrared characteristic absorption, microscopic morphology, thermal stability and flame retardant properties of the polyester/cotton fabrics before and after finishing were characterized and evaluated using Fourier infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, limiting oxygen index (LOI) tester and vertical combustion tester. The results show that PEI/PA flame retardant coating is successfully constructed on the polyester/cotton fabric using the LBL method. Compared with the unfinished polyester/cotton fabric, the LOI value of polyester/cotton fabric treated with PEI/PA coating reached 32.3%, its char length reduced to 98 mm. Both the after-flame time and after-glow time were 0 s, no molten droplets were generated, and the breaking strength and whiteness of the fabric were less influenced by the treatment, and the thermal stability of polyester/cotton fabric was improved to form a stable char layer.The LOI value of finished fabrics after 20 times washing was still over 26% showing good washing durability.

Key words: polyester/cotton fabric, flame retardant finishing, phytic acid, layer-by-layer assembly, durability, functional textile, flame retardant fabric

中图分类号: 

  • TS195.592

表1

层层组装PA溶液质量分数"

溶液
编号		 PA溶液质量分数/%
第1层 第2层 第3层 第4层
1# 1.5 1.5 3 3
2# 1.5 3 3 3
3# 2 2 3 3
4# 2 3 3 3
5# 3 3 3 3

图1

阻燃整理前后涤/棉混纺织物的红外光谱"

图2

阻燃整理前后涤/棉混纺织物的SEM照片(×3 000)"

表2

阻燃整理前后涤/棉混纺织物的阻燃性能"

样品
编号		 质量增
加率/%		 LOI
值/%		 损毁长
度/mm		 续燃时
间/s		 阴燃时
间/s
PA-0 — 17.7 300.0 14.1 0
PA-a 45.40 28.7 105.5 0 0
PA-b 55.79 30.8 101.5 0 0
PA-c 50.00 31.5 100.0 0 0
PA-d 65.15 31.8 98.5 0 0
PA-e 67.56 32.3 98.0 0 0

图3

阻燃整理前后涤/棉混纺织物垂直燃烧图"

表3

阻燃整理前后涤/棉混纺织物的物理力学性能"

样品编号 白度/% 断裂强力保留率/% 抗弯长度/mm
PA-0 85.8 — 20.8
PA-a 76.8 95.83 32.6
PA-b 73.7 97.31 36.6
PA-c 76.0 96.76 38.0
PA-d 70.0 91.40 42.1
PA-e 74.4 90.50 41.6

表4

整理后涤/棉混纺织物经不同次数洗涤后的阻燃性能"

样品
编号		 LOI值/% 20次洗涤垂直燃烧
0次
洗涤		 5次
洗涤		 10次
洗涤		 20次
洗涤		 损毁长
度/mm		 续燃时
间/s		 阴燃时
间/s
PA-a 28.7 26.6 26.0 25.0 283.0 0 0
PA-b 30.8 28.5 27.7 26.0 194.0 0 0
PA-c 31.5 28.3 27.3 26.6 152.0 0 0
PA-d 31.8 29.0 28.3 27.0 143.0 0 0
PA-e 32.3 28.8 27.5 26.0 210.0 0 0

图4

阻燃整理后经20次洗涤的涤/棉混纺织物垂直燃烧图"

图5

氮气氛围下涤/棉混纺织物的TG和DTG曲线图"

表5

氮气氛围下涤/棉混纺织物热重分析数据"

样品
编号		 T-10%/
℃		 第1阶段 第2阶段 600 ℃残
炭量/%
T1max/
℃		 R1max/
(%·℃-1)		 T2max/
℃		 R2max/
(%·℃-1)
PA-0 360 368 1.16 439 4.27 5.4
PA-a 313 306 0.60 405 2.81 12.6
PA-b 310 313 0.58 403 2.52 16.3
PA-c 308 312 0.56 401 2.53 8.6
PA-d 307 308 0.55 389 2.70 26.8
PA-e 306 307 0.54 383 2.30 38.2

图6

整理前后涤/棉混纺织物残炭SEM照片(×600)"

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