纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 34-41.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210202008

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚丙烯腈/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的制备及其性能

贾琳1(), 王西贤1, 李环宇1, 张海霞1, 覃小红1,2   

  1. 1.河南工程学院 纺织工程学院, 河南 郑州 450007
    2.东华大学 纺织学院, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-07 修回日期:2021-08-19 出版日期:2021-12-15 发布日期:2021-12-29
  • 作者简介:贾琳(1986—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为功能性纳米纤维纺织品。E-mail: lynnjia0328@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省高校重点科研项目(21B540001);河南省青年人才托举工程项目(2019HYTP011);河南工程学院科研培育基金项目(PYXM202106)

Preparation and properties of polyacrylonitrile/BaTiO3 composite nanofibrous filter membrane

JIA Lin1(), WANG Xixian1, LI Huanyu1, ZHANG Haixia1, QIN Xiaohong1,2   

  1. 1. College of Textiles Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, China
    2. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2021-02-07 Revised:2021-08-19 Published:2021-12-15 Online:2021-12-29

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摘要：

为制备高效低阻的纳米纤维过滤膜,将无机驻极体BaTiO3纳米颗粒加入聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液中,利用静电纺丝方法制备PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜,对其表面形貌、化学结构、水接触角、力学性能和过滤性能进行分析。结果表明:PAN/BaTiO3纳米纤维的直径比纯PAN纳米纤维略有降低,且BaTiO3纳米颗粒均匀地分散在纤维内部;与纯PAN纳米纤维膜相比,PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的水接触角更大,抗污染能力更强,拉伸强度最高增加了75.5%;当BaTiO3质量分数为0.75%时,PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的过滤效率为98.9%,阻力压降为42.7 Pa, 品质因子为0.105 6,其中静电吸附作用占总过滤效果的36.2%,该纤维膜过滤性能最好,且具有一定的循环使用性能。

关键词: BaTiO3, 聚丙烯腈, 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维, 驻极体, 过滤性能

Abstract:

In order to prepare nanofibrous filter membrane with high filter efficiency and low resistance, BaTiO3 nano-particles were added into polyacrylonitrile(PAN) solution to prepare PAN/BaTiO3 composite nanofibrous filter membrane using electrospinning technology, and the surface morphology, chemical structure, water contact angle, mechanical properties and filtration properties of the membrane were analyzed. The results showed that PAN/BaTiO3 composite nanofibers possess smaller fiber diameter compared to pure PAN nanofibers. Elemental mapping images showed that BaTiO3 nano-particles were dispersed in the nanofibers uniformly. Compared with pure PAN nanofiber, the water contact angles of PAN/BaTiO3 nanofibrous composite filter membrane were larger, hence their anti-pollution abilities were stronger. The maximum tensile strength of PAN/BaTiO3 nanofiber composite filter membrane increased by 75.5%. When the mass fraction of BaTiO3was 0.75%, the filtration efficiency of composite fiber filter membrane was 98.9%, the resistance pressure drop was 42.7 Pa, the maximum quality factor is 0.105 6, and the percentage of electrostatic adsorption effect in the total filtration effect was 36.2%, reaching the optimal filtration performance. It was also found that such membrane can be used repeatedly to some extent.

Key words: BaTiO3, polyacrylonitrile, electrospinning, nanofiber, electret, filter property

中图分类号: 

  • TS102.6

图1

PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的SEM照片(×10 000)"

图2

PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的O元素扫描分析图"

图3

PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的红外光谱图"

图4

PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的水接触角"

图5

PAN/BaTiO3纳米纤维过滤膜的拉伸曲线"

图6

不同纺丝时间下PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的过滤性能"

图7

PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的透气率和透湿率"

图8

PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的表面电压随放置时间的变化"

图9

PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的机械过滤性能"

图10

不同放置时间下PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的过滤效率"

图11

蒸馏水浸泡前后PAN/BaTiO3复合纳米纤维过滤膜的微观形态(×5 000)"

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