阻燃纤维素气凝胶研究进展

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20210904506

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高纤维素气凝胶的阻燃性,拓宽其应用领域,首先介绍了纤维素气凝胶的分类及其制备方法;然后综述了当前应用较为广泛的无机阻燃剂、有机阻燃剂和有机/无机复合阻燃剂等阻燃改性纤维素气凝胶的研究进展,并对比分析了各类阻燃剂的优缺点。其中,有机/无机复合阻燃剂兼具无机和有机阻燃剂的优点,表现出高效的阻燃效率,但也存在与纤维素基体相容性差,制备工艺复杂等问题。最后,展望了阻燃纤维素气凝胶的未来发展趋势,指出绿色、环保、高效,且具有良好相容性的生物基阻燃剂将成为纤维素气凝胶阻燃今后重要的研究方向。

关键词: 纤维素, 气凝胶, 易燃性, 阻燃改性, 阻燃剂, 有机/无机复合阻燃剂

Abstract:

In order to improve the flame retardancy of cellulose aerogel and broaden its application field, the classification and preparation of cellulose aerogel are introduced. The research progress in inorganic flame retardants, organic flame retardants and organic/inorganic composite flame retardants were reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of all types of flame retardant cellulose aerogels were compared and analyzed, among which, organic/inorganic composite flame retardants have the advantages of both of two single flame retardants, showing high flame retardant efficiency, though there are also poor compatibility and complex preparation process problems. The future development trend of cellulose aerogel flame retardant research was prospected, and it was pointed out that the bio-based flame retardant with green, environmental protection, high efficiency and good compatibility would become the main research direction of cellulose aerogel flame retardant in the future.

Key words: cellulose, aerogel, flammability, flame retardant modification, flame retardant, organic/inorganic composite flame retardant

中图分类号:

TS195.592

方寅春, 孙卫昊. 阻燃纤维素气凝胶研究进展[J]. 纺织学报, 2022, 43(01): 43-48.

FANG Yinchun, SUN Weihao. Research progress in flame retardant cellulose aerogel[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2022, 43(01): 43-48.

图/表 1

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阻燃剂类型	优点	缺点
无机阻燃剂	安全无毒、热稳定性好、价格便宜	添加量大、相容性差、单一阻燃效果不佳
有机阻燃剂	相容性好、阻燃效率高	产生有毒气体、污染环境
有机/无机阻燃剂	阻燃效率高	相容性差、制备工艺复杂