考虑原产地规则的跨境纺织供应链网络设计

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20210608808

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了实现纺织企业跨境供应链网络的利润最大化,在考虑原产地规则的基础上,综合考虑工厂布局、供应商选择、生产及运输等重要决策,构建了最大化利润的混合整数非线性规划模型,并将其等价转化为可最优求解的线性规划模型,设计相应的Benders分解算法实现对模型的最优求解。最终通过仿真,针对不同的贸易制度安排,特别是即将实施的“区域全面经济伙伴协定”中的区域累积原产地规则,研究了其对企业跨境供应链网络设计决策及利润的影响。研究结果表明:随原产地规则比例要求的提高,会导致企业利润的下降,而在区域累积的原产地规则下,企业能够更自由地进行选址及生产采购决策,有利于实现全球供应链的最优配置。

关键词: 跨境纺织供应链网络, 原产地规则, 区域全面经济伙伴关系(RCEP)协定, 混合整数规划, Benders分解

Abstract:

In order to maximize the profit from global supply chain networks of textile companies, a mixed integer nonlinear programming model based on the rules of origin was developed, where the critical decisions, such as factory layout, supplier selection, production and transportation, were taken into account. For optimization, the proposed model was equivalently linearized into a tractable linear model and an algorithm based on Benders decomposition was designed. The experiments were implemented based on various trading regulation arrangements, especially the regional cumulative rule of origin involved in the coming Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement. Their influences on the companies' cross-border supply chain network design and profits were investigated. The results show that the increase of the proportion requirement for rules of origin will lead to the decline of enterprise profits, and under the regional cumulative rules of origin, enterprises can make more free decisions on site selection and production and procurement, which is conducive to the realization of the optimal allocation of global supply chain.

Key words: global textile supply chain network, rules of origin, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, mixed integer programming, Benders decomposition

中图分类号:

C931

茅茂, 王长军. 考虑原产地规则的跨境纺织供应链网络设计[J]. 纺织学报, 2022, 43(07): 170-177.

MAO Mao, WANG Changjun. Design of global textile supply chain network with rules of origin[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2022, 43(07): 170-177.

图/表 11

图1

表1

表2

参数说明"

参数	说明
x_il	国家l中供应商i的选择成本
c_mil	国家l中供应商.i.的第m种原材料的售价
h_mil	国家l中供应商i的供货能力
y_jl	国家l中工厂j的固定选择成本
u_jl	国家l中工厂j的单位建设成本
g_jl	国家l中工厂j的单位生产成本
p_jl	国家l中工厂j出售的产成品的单位售价
d_kl	国家l中分销商k的产成品需求
s_kl	国家l中分销商k的单位缺货代价
q_miljl'	每单位原材料m从l国供应商i运输至l'国工厂j的运输费用
v_jlkl'	每单位产成品从l国工厂j运输至l'国分销商k的运输费用
$v j l l' +$	当l国工厂j出口至l'国的产成品不满足l'国的原产比例要求时,需要承担的额外关税
r_l'l	国家l'对于国家l的产成品的原产比例要求
γ_m	每单位产成品所需的原材料m的数量

表2

表3

图2

表4

表5

表6

表7

表8

图3

参考文献 21

[1]	范毓婷, 刘卫东, 唐文浩. 中国纺织企业对外直接投资的动因研究[J]. 中国经贸导刊, 2016(35):36-37.
	FAN Yuting, LIU Weidong, TANG Wenhao. Research on the motivation of Chinese textile enterprises direct investment abroad[J]. China Economic & Trade Herald, 2016(35): 36-37.
[2]	东艳. 全球贸易规则的发展趋势与中国的机遇[J]. 国际经济评论, 2014(1):45-64,5.
	DONG Yan. The development trend of global trade rules and China's opportunities[J]. International Economic Review, 2014(1): 45-64,5.
[3]	厉力. 论原产地规则对国际供应链的影响[J]. 国际商务研究, 2011, 32(6):30-35.
	LI Li. On the influence of rules of origin on international supply chain[J]. International Business Research, 2011, 32(6): 30-35.
[4]	王中美. MEGA与全球供应链:变化、响应与反作用[J]. 世界经济研究, 2017(6):3-13,135.
	WANG Zhongmei. MEGA and global supply chain: change, response and reaction[J]. World Economy Studies, 2017(6): 3-13,135.
[5]	新华网. 区域全面经济伙伴关系协定正式签署[EB/OL].(2020-11-5)[2021-05-23]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-11/15/content_5561703.htm.
	Xinhua News. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement was formally signed[EB/OL]. (2020-11-5)[2021-5-23]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-11/15/content_5561703.htm.
[6]	普华永道. RCEP推动国内国际双市场[R].
	PWC. RCEP promotes domestic and international dual market[R].
[7]	新华网. 商务部:中国已完成RCEP核准[EB/OL].(2021-03-23)[2021-05-28]. http://brisbane.mofcom.gov.cn/articl-e/jmxw/202103/20210303046504.shtml.
	Xinhua Net. Ministry of Commerce: China has completed RCEP approval[EB/OL].(2021-03-23)[2021-05-28]. http://-brisbane.mofcom.gov.cn/article/jmxw/202103/20210303046504.shtml.
[8]	梁静波. 中国纺织业对外直接投资的区位视角分析[J]. 技术经济与管理研究, 2011(10):119-122.
	LIANG Jingbo. An analysis on foreign direct investment in Chinese textile industry from regional perspective[J]. Journal of Technical Economics & Management, 2011(10): 119-122.
[9]	HODDER J E, JUCKER J V. International plant location under price and exchange rate uncertainty[J]. Engineering Costs and Production Economics, 1985, 9(1):225-229. doi: 10.1016/0167-188X(85)90032-1
[10]	COHEN M A, LEE H A. Resource deployment analysis of global manufacturing and distribution network[J]. Journal of Manufacturing and Operations Management, 1989, 2(2): 81-104.
[11]	CHRISTINA A, IOANNIS M, GEORGIOS D. A strategic model for exact supply chain network design and its application to a global manufacturer[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2019, 57(5): 1371-1397. doi: 10.1080/00207543.2018.1489155
[12]	COHEN M A, LEE H L. Designing the right global supply chain network[J]. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2020, 22(1):15-24.
[13]	BOUJELBEN M K, BOULAKSILA Y. Modeling international facility location under uncertainty: a review, analysis and insights[J]. IISE Transactions, 2018, 50(6): 535-551. doi: 10.1080/24725854.2017.1408165
[14]	WILHELM W E, LIANG D, RAO B, et al. Design of international assembly systems and their supply chains under NAFTA[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2005, 41(6):467-493. doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2005.06.002
[15]	汪传旭. 一类多阶段多产品全球供应链网络集成优化[J]. 中国航海, 2010, 33(3):82-87.
	WANG Chuanxu. Integrated optimization of a multistage multi-product global supply chain[J]. Navigation of China, 2010, 33(3): 82-87.
[16]	CHENG X, YANG G, FAN L. Global supply chain network design problem with rules of origin and limited import quotas[J]. Kybernetes, 2019, 48(5):930-948. doi: 10.1108/K-10-2017-0394
[17]	MALINOWSKI E, KARWAN M H, PINTO J M, et al. A mixed-integer programming strategy for liquid helium global supply chain planning[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2018, 110:168-188. doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2017.12.014
[18]	SIEMON M, SCHIFFER M, WALTHER G. Integrated purchasing and production planning for a non-Ferrous metal production network[J]. Omega, 2021, 98:1-14.
[19]	BENDERS J F. Partitioning procedures for solving mixed variables programming problems[J]. Numerische Mathematik, 1962, 4(1): 238-252. doi: 10.1007/BF01386316
[20]	RAHMANIANI R, CRAINIC T G, GENDREAU M, et al. The benders decomposition algorithm: a literature review[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2017, 259(3): 801-817. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2016.12.005
[21]	中国自由贸易区服务网. 《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》(RCEP)[EB/OL].(2020-11-18)[2021-03-01]. http://fta.mofcom.gov.cn/rcep/rcep_new.shtml.China
	FTA Network. Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership.[EB/OL].(2020-11-18)[2021-03-01]. http://fta.mofcom.gov.cn/rcep/rcep_new.shtml.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

集合与索引	说明
I,i	供应商待选点集合与索引,i∈I
J,j	工厂待选点集合与索引,j∈J
K,k	分销商节点集合与索引,k∈K
L,l	国家集合与索引,l∈L
M,m	原材料集合与索引,m∈M

决策变量	说明
X_il	表示国家l中的供应商i是否被选择,被选中时,X_il=1,否则,X_il=0
Y_jl	表示国家l中工厂待选点j是否被选择,被选中时,Y_jl=1,否则,Y_jl=0
U_jl	用于确定l国工厂待选点j的生产能力
G_jl	表示l国工厂待选点j产成品的生产数量
Q_miljl'	表示l国供应商i向l'国工厂待选点j提供原材料m的数量
A_miljl'l″	表示l'国工厂待选点j出口至l″国的产成品中由l国供应商i提供的原材料m的数量
V_jlkl'	表示l国工厂待选点j对l'国分销商k的供货量
R_jll'	表示l国的工厂待选点j生产的产成品是否满足l'国的原产地比例要求,当满足原产地比例要求时,R_jll'=1,否则,R_jll'=0
S_kl	表示l国分销商k的缺货数量

供应商	x_il/美元	c₁_il/(美元·kg^-1)	c₂_il/(美元·kg^-1)	c₃_il/(美元·kg^-1)	h₁_il/kg	h₂_il/kg	h₃_il/kg
CHN(1)	91.50	3.36	5.34	4.27	86 500	48 000	12 000
CHN(2)	114.38	3.20	5.49	4.42	79 500	52 000	22 000
IND(1)	198.25	2.75	4.27	3.97	76 500	46 000	8 650
IND(2)	205.88	2.90	4.42	3.81	77 000	47 500	10 500
AUS(1)	221.13	—	4.88	—	—	35 000	—
AUS(2)	228.75	—	5.03	—	—	36 000	—
VIE(1)	137.25	—	4.58	—	—	27 000	—
VIE(2)	129.63	—	4.73	—	—	22 000	—
MYA(1)	129.63	—	4.42	—	—	24 500	—
MYA(2)	122.00	—	4.73	—	—	23 000	—
PRK(1)	122.00	3.51	—	4.42	56 500	—	7 500
PRK(2)	137.25	3.66	—	4.58	42 500	—	6 350
JPN(1)	137.25	3.81	—	4.42	25 600	—	3 500
JPN(2)	144.88	3.51	—	4.42	35 000	—	4 200
INA(1)	205.88	2.90	—	3.51	23 500	—	4 300
INA(2)	198.25	3.20	—	3.81	35 500	—	4 850
THA(1)	137.25	3.05	—	3.66	16 500	—	4 550
THA(2)	152.50	3.05	—	3.81	18 500	—	3 450

工厂	y_jl/美元	u_jl/(美元·kg^-1)	g_jl/(美元·kg^-1)
VIE_1	48 800.00	0.99	2.23
VIE_2	44 225.00	0.98	2.32
MYA_1	42 700.00	0.96	2.17
MYA_2	41 937.50	1.01	2.10
INA_1	48 800.00	1.01	1.86
INA_2	50 325.00	1.02	1.88
THA_1	50 325.00	1.04	2.35
THA_2	46 512.50	1.11	2.27
CAM_1	39 650.00	0.95	1.89
CAM_2	38 125.00	0.96	1.83

分销商	d₁_l/kg	d₂_l/kg	s₁_l/ (美元·kg^-1)	s₂_l/ (美元·kg^-1)	关税/%
分销商	d₁_l/kg	d₂_l/kg	s₁_l/ (美元·kg^-1)	s₂_l/ (美元·kg^-1)	VIE	MYA	INA	THA	CAM
CHN	20 000	22 200	3.54	3.93	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16
PRK	10 500	11 000	1.86	1.95	0.13	0.13	0.13	0.13	0.13
JPN	7 500	8 500	1.33	1.51	0.128	0.128	0.128	0.128	0.128
INA	13 500	12 000	2.39	2.12	0.15	0.15	0	0.15	0.15
THA	13 000	15 000	2.30	2.65	0.3	0.3	0.3	0	0.3
VIE	10 500	12 000	1.86	2.12	0	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
CAM	10 500	13 500	1.86	2.39	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0
MYA	12 500	15 000	2.21	2.65	0.1	0	0.1	0.1	0.1
LAO	11 000	9 500	1.95	1.68	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1