纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 200-208.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210401609

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

用于个人热湿舒适管理的功能纺织品研究进展

程宁波1,2,3, 缪东洋2, 王先锋2, 王朝晖1,3(), 丁彬2, 俞建勇2   

  1. 1.东华大学 服装与艺术设计学院, 上海 200051
    2.东华大学 纺织科技创新中心, 上海 200051
    3.东华大学 现代服装设计与技术教育部重点实验室, 上海 200051
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-07 修回日期:2022-07-10 出版日期:2022-10-15 发布日期:2022-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 王朝晖
  • 作者简介:程宁波(1992—),女,博士生。主要研究方向为服装先进制造。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52073052);上海市科学技术委员会“科技创新行动计划”“一带一路”国际合作项目(21130750100);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金、东华大学研究创新基金资助项目(CUSF-DH-D-2022049)

Review in functional textiles for personal thermal and moisture comfort management

CHENG Ningbo1,2,3, MIAO Dongyang2, WANG Xianfeng2, WANG Zhaohui1,3(), DING Bin2, YU Jianyong2   

  1. 1. College of Fashion and Design, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
    2. Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Clothing Design & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
  • Received:2021-04-07 Revised:2022-07-10 Published:2022-10-15 Online:2022-10-28
  • Contact: WANG Zhaohui

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摘要：

为提高个体舒适性,降低建筑制冷和供暖能耗,研发可调节人体与环境热湿交换的纺织品是一种极具前景的解决方案,为此对国内外热湿管理功能纺织品的研究进行了回顾。首先介绍了个人热湿舒适管理机制,其次归纳了辐射调温纺织品、相变调温纺织品、智能响应纺织品、导热纺织品、能量转换的调温纺织品和水分管理纺织品6种常见的可用于个人热湿管理的先进功能纺织品,概述了基于不同热湿管理机制功能纺织品的研究进展及其在多个领域的潜在应用。研究认为:织物调控人体-服装微气候热量和水分平衡是个体舒适的关键;指出目前热湿管理先进功能纺织品存在规模制备困难、功能单一化、智能化不足和缺乏体系的热湿舒适性评价等问题;展望了用于个人热量管理的高级纺织品、能量收集技术和柔性电子设备的集成是未来智能服装的发展趋势。

关键词: 个人热舒适, 辐射调温纺织品, 相变调温纺织品, 智能响应纺织品, 导热纺织品, 能量转换调温纺织品, 水分管理纺织品

Abstract:

With the aim of achieving improved individual comfort and reduce energy consumption in providing cooling and heating, textiles regulating heat and moisture exchange between human body and its surroundings are a promising solution. This paper reviews the researches on functional textiles for heat and moisture management. The review started with the introduction of personal heat and moisture comfort management mechanisms, followed by summarizing six common advanced functional textiles that can be used for personal heat and moisture management, these being the radiative thermoregulation textiles, phase change thermoregulation textiles, smart response textiles, thermal conductive textiles, thermoregulation textiles for energy conversion, and moisture management textiles. The research progress in functional textiles was summarized on the basis of different heat and moisture management mechanisms and their potential applications in several fields, taking that fabric regulation of microclimate between body and ambient heat and moisture balance is the key to individual comfort. The review pointed out that the current advanced functional textiles for heat and moisture management still have problems such as difficulties in scale preparation, functional singleness, lack of intelligence and absence of systemic heat and moisture comfort evaluation, and it is foreseen that advanced textiles for personal heat management, energy harvesting technology and integration of flexible electronic devices are the future development trend of smart clothing.

Key words: personal thermal comfort, radiative thermoregulation textile, phase change thermoregulation textile, smart response textile, thermal conductive textile, thermoregulation textiles for energy conversion, moisture management textile

中图分类号: 

  • TS941.15

图1

人体体温调节和散热机制"

图2

衣物热辐射调控机制"

表1

辐射降温材料"

降温材料 制备方法 太阳光反射
率/%		 MIR透过
率/%		 MIR
发射率		 降温温度/℃ 文献
纳米多孔PE 纺丝-复合 — 96 — 2~2.7 [31-32]
纳米多孔PE+ ZnO 纺丝-涂层 > 90 > 80 — 5~13 [33]
PA+SiO2 纺丝 — > 85 — 0.4~1.7 [34]
UHMWPE/聚酯 纺丝-复合 — 82.8 — 0.5~0.7 [35]
PA6+PE 纺丝-复合 73.61 90.80 — 0.2 [36]
PVDF+TEOS+ SiO2 纺丝-浸渍 97 — > 0.96 6 [37]
Al2O3/醋酸纤维素 涂层-复合 80.1 — > 0.9 2.3~8 [38]
PDMS+Al2O3 微冲压法 约95 — > 0.96 5.1 [39]

表2

用于热湿管理的智能响应织物"

织物 响应机制 文献
红外辐射“门控效应”的智能织物 湿度诱导纱线间距变化,改变织物辐射率,从而增强热交换 [49]
新型乳胶织物 温度诱导微生物细胞尺寸变化,织物弯曲改变,打开/关闭通风口,实现温湿度智能调控 [50]
智能Janus织物 温度诱导织物亲疏水变化,从而孔隙大小改变,实现温湿度调控 [51]
水驱动形状记忆羊毛织物 湿度诱导纱线长度和直径变化,使得织物线圈变化,提高热湿舒适性 [52]
湿敏智能调温织物 湿度诱导织物发生可逆弯曲,实现智能温湿度调控 [53]
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