纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 109-117.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20211001709

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

阳离子改性阻燃涤纶织物的制备及其性能

张楚丹1, 王锐1,2, 王文庆1,2(), 刘燕燕1, 陈睿1   

  1. 1.北京服装学院 材料设计与工程学院, 北京 100029
    2.北京服装学院 服装材料研究开发与评价北京市重点实验室, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-11 修回日期:2022-01-04 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2023-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 王文庆
  • 作者简介:张楚丹(1997—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为新型可控聚合技术。
  • 基金资助:
    北京服装学院校内人才项目(BIFTXJ201905);北京市科技计划一般项目(KM202010012004);北京学者项目(RCQJ20303);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51703115)

Synthesis and properties of cationic modified flame retardant polyester fabrics

ZHANG Chudan1, WANG Rui1,2, WANG Wenqing1,2(), LIU Yanyan1, CHEN Rui1   

  1. 1. School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2021-10-11 Revised:2022-01-04 Published:2022-12-15 Online:2023-01-06
  • Contact: WANG Wenqing

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摘要：

为提高阻燃涤纶织物的吸湿、染色和抗菌等性能,以阻燃涤纶织物(FRPET)为基体,利用多巴胺化学辅助的表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)技术分别在织物表面接枝不同分子质量的聚(2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基)二甲基-(3-磺丙基)氢氧化铵(PSBMA)、聚(2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基)三甲基氯化铵(PMTAC)以及嵌段聚合物PSBMA-b-PMTAC。分别对其表面形貌、吸水、透湿、透气、染色、抗菌和阻燃性能进行表征与测试,研究阻燃涤纶织物改性前后阻燃、透湿、抗菌和染色性能的变化。结果表明:嵌段聚合物PSBMA-b-PMTAC改性的阻燃涤纶织物较原涤纶织物阻燃性能有所提高,热释放速率峰值降低60.7%;改性涤纶织物较原始织物吸水性提高,达到机织类吸湿产品标准;嵌段改性涤纶织物实现了阳离子改性的同时对大肠杆菌的抑菌率提高27%,显示出一定的抗菌性能。

关键词: 阻燃涤纶织物, 表面引发原子转移自由基聚合, 阳离子改性, 吸湿, 抗菌, 功能纺织品

Abstract:

In order to improve the moisture absorption, dyeing and antibacterial properties of flame retardant polyester fabrics, polymer coatings with different molecular weights, including poly (2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl) dimethyl- (3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide(PSBMA), poly (2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl) trimethylammonium chloride solution(PMTAC) and their block copolymer PSBMA-b-PMTAC, were grafted separately on the surface of flame retardant polyethylene terephthalate (FRPET) fabrics via polydopamine mediated surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) technology. The surface morphology, water absorption, moisture permeability, air permeability, dyeing, bacteriostatic and flame retardant properties of these surface modified FRPET fabrics were characterized and tested to study the changes of flame retardancy, moisture permeability, bacteriostatic and dyeing properties of FRPET after surface modification. The results indicated that the peak heat release rate of block copolymer PSBMA-b-PMTAC modified FRPET fabrics reduced 60.7% comparing to that of FRPET. Compared with pristine FRPET, the modified polyester fabric showed higher water absorption and satisfied the standard of woven hygroscopic products. In addition, the modified fabrics with cationic dyeing possess certain bacteriostatic performance and the bacteriostatic rate of Escherichia coli was increased by 27%.

Key words: flame retardant polyester fabric, surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization, cationic modification, moisture absorption, bacteriostasis, functional textile

中图分类号: 

  • TQ342

图1

基于多巴胺化学和SI-ATRP的FRPET-g-PDA-g-PSBMA-b-PMTAC合成路线示意图"

图2

不同改性阻燃涤纶织物的SEM照片"

图3

阻燃涤纶织物改性前后SEM-EDS图"

图4

FRPET 各改性步骤样品的XPS曲线"

表1

FRPET 各改性步骤样品的XPS表面元素分析结果"

样品 C O Br N S
FRPET-g-BiBB 74.94 23.26 1.80 - -
FRPET-g-PDA-g-PSBMA 71.24 21.91 0.48 3.81 2.57
FRPET-g-PDA-g-
PSBMA-b-PMTAC		 73.40 21.80 0.19 4.43 0.19

图5

FRPET、PDA、游离PSBMA和游离PMTAC的TG曲线"

图6

不同反应时间样品的TG曲线"

表2

不同反应时间改性样品的接枝率"

样品名称 反应时间/h 接枝率
0.5 2.02
FRPET-g-PDA-g-PSBMA 1 4.37
1.5 4.60
2 4.71
3 1.69
FRPET-g-PDA-g-PMTAC 6 3.08
12 3.57
24 6.03

图7

改性前后阻燃涤纶织物的MCC曲线"

表3

游离聚合物GPC测试结果"

样品 Mn/(g·mol-1) PDI
PSBMA 14 579 1.38
PMTAC 6 212 1.24
PSBMA-b-PMTAC 69 627 1.89

表4

改性前后吸湿透气测试结果"

样品 透气阻抗/
(kPa·s·m-1)		 透湿率/
(g·m-2·d-1)		 吸水
情况		 吸水率/
%		 滴水扩散
时间/s		 芯吸高
度/cm		 水分蒸发速
率/(g·h-1)
FRPET 0.24 6 220.8 缓慢吸水 68.86 21.8 >10 0.37
FRPET-g-PDA-g-
PSBMA-b-PMMTAC		 0.22 5 912.16 瞬时吸水 101.48 3.5 >10 0.32
机织类产品吸湿
快干标准样		 — ≥8 000 — ≥100 ≤5 ≥9 ≥0.18

图8

染色后效果图"

图9

抗菌测试结果照片"

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