纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 203-212.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210607910

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    

柔性抗冲击纺织材料及其结构的研究进展

楚艳艳1,2(), 李施辰1,2, 陈超1,2, 刘莹莹1,2, 黄伟韩3, 张越4, 陈晓钢1,2,5   

  1. 1.中原工学院 纺织服装产业研究院, 河南 郑州 451191
    2.中原工学院 河南省新型纺织材料与纺织品国际联合实验室, 河南 郑州 451191
    3.中原工学院 纺织学院, 河南 郑州 451191
    4.京都工艺纤维大学 大学院, 日本 京都 6068585
    5.曼彻斯特大学 材料学院, 英国 曼彻斯特 M199PL
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-28 修回日期:2022-07-29 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2023-01-06
  • 作者简介:楚艳艳(1981—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为轻质防弹防刺纺织复合材料。E-mail:yychu@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省重点研发与推广专项拟支持项目(212102210038);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2019GGJS146);中国纺织工业联合会科技指导性项目(2020062)

Research progress in bulletproof flexible textile materials and structures

CHU Yanyan1,2(), LI Shichen1,2, CHEN Chao1,2, LIU Yingying1,2, HUANG Weihan3, ZHANG Yue4, CHEN Xiaogang1,2,5   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Textile and Clothing Industries, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
    2. Henan International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
    3. College of Textile, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
    4. Graduate School, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 6068585, Japan
    5. The University of Manchester, School of Materials, Manchester M199PL, UK
  • Received:2021-06-28 Revised:2022-07-29 Published:2022-12-15 Online:2023-01-06

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摘要：

针对软体柔性抗冲击纺织品轻质与高防护间的矛盾,综述了抗冲击纤维薄膜新材料、纤维表面改性及结构设计等方面的研究进展。分析了新型纤维薄膜材料包括石墨烯纤维及碳纳米管纤维的理论强度、制备方法及宏观制备存在问题;阐述了剪切增稠剂、纳米无机材料对纤维表面的改性应用的方法及抗冲击效果;阐明了单层织物结构、叠层结构等的结构优势及劣势以及气凝胶复合结构、硬软仿生结构在抗冲击方面的应用前景。研究认为:在满足抗冲击性能的前提下,通过表面改性、织物结构、层间结构、硬软结构等组合设计,可使其抗冲击性与舒适性协同;高纯度石墨烯、碳纳米管纤维和薄膜的宏量化无缺陷制备将是未来抗冲击纺织品超轻量化需要突破的技术瓶颈。

关键词: 抗冲击纺织材料, 石墨烯, 碳纳米管, 剪切增稠剂, 纳米无机材料, 气凝胶复合结构, 硬软仿生结构

Abstract:

In view of the contradiction between lightweight and high protection of soft flexible impact resistant textiles, research progress in new fibers and film materials, fiber surface modification and structural design are reviewed. The theoretical strength, preparation methods and macro preparation problems about new fibers and film materials, including graphene and carbon nanotube are analyzed. The modification methods and impact resistance effects of shear thicken fluids and nano inorganic materials on the fiber surface are examined. The advantages and disadvantages of single-layer fabric structure and laminated structure have been analyzed and the application prospects of aerogel composite structure and hard-soft bionic structure used for impact resistance are expounded. It is pointed out that on the basis of fulfilling the requirements of impact resistance, coordination between comfort and impact resistance can be achieved through the combined design of surface modification, fabric structure, interlayer structure, and the hybrid use of hard and soft structures. The macro quantitative defect-free preparation of high-purity graphene and carbon nanotube fibers or films overcome the technical bottleneck for much lighter impact resistance textiles in the future.

Key words: impact resistant textile materials, graphene, carbon nanotube, shear thickening fluid, nano inorganic material, laminated structure, aerogel composite structure, soft and hard bionic structure

中图分类号: 

  • TS941
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