纺织学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (05): 171-176.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220508001

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

光催化自清洁芳纶织物的制备及其性能

韦玉辉1,2, 郑晨1, 程尔骕1, 赵书涵1, 苏兆伟1,3()   

  1. 1.安徽工程大学 纺织服装学院, 安徽 芜湖 241000
    2.应急管理部上海消防研究所, 上海 200032
    3.杭州职业技术学院 达利女装学院, 浙江 杭州 310018
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-27 修回日期:2023-02-15 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2023-06-09
  • 通讯作者: 苏兆伟(1986—),男,讲师,博士生。研究方向为服装舒适性及其日常护理技术研发。E-mail: suzhaowei1@126.com。
  • 作者简介:韦玉辉(1988—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为服装舒适性及其日常护理技术研发。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高等学校自然科学研究项目(KJ2020A0352);消防应急救援装备应急管理部重点实验室开放课题项目(2020XFZB09);安徽省纺织工程技术研究中心和“纺织面料”安徽省高校重点实验室联合开放基金项目(2021AETKL20);安徽工程大学校级科研项目(Xjky03201908);安徽工程大学-鸠江区产业协同创新专项项目(2022cyxtb7)

Preparation and properties of photocatalytic self-cleaning aramid fabrics

WEI Yuhui1,2, ZHENG Chen1, CHENG Erxiao1, ZHAO Shuhan1, SU Zhaowei1,3()   

  1. 1. School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
    2. Shanghai Fire Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai 200032, China
    3. High Fashion Womenswear Institute, Hangzhou Vocational Technical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
  • Received:2022-05-27 Revised:2023-02-15 Published:2023-05-15 Online:2023-06-09

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摘要：

为提升芳纶织物的自清洁能力,降低因频繁洗消处理造成的消防服装防护性能下降或使用寿命缩短的问题,先采用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)和水的混合溶液对芳纶织物进行微溶处理,再使用正硅酸乙脂、钛酸丁酯、铁酸丁酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)制备光催化自清洁芳纶织物,并分析了处理前后芳纶织物的表面形貌、化学结构、疏水性、光催化、阻燃性能的差异。结果表明:相比于未处理芳纶织物,使用水基溶胶-凝胶方法制得的SiO2-TiO2-Fe复合气凝胶和低表面能的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)制备的芳纶织物,其静态接触角提升至150.9°,达到了超疏水临界值,具有优良的疏水性性能;亚甲基蓝油溶液在紫外光下处理6 h,其光催化降解效率提升至90.7%;阻燃性能虽有轻微下降,但整体还保持在相关标准的B1级要求;自清洁性能和防污性能均明显提升。

关键词: 芳纶织物, 光催化, 自清洁, 复合材料, 消防服装

Abstract:

Objective Fire-fighting clothing worn by fire-fighters is easy to absorb stains, in fire-fighting action, caused by the burning of rubber, textiles and other inflammable substances and other reasons. Researches on fire-fighting clothing mainly focus on the development of highly-flame-retardant fibers, fabrics and clothing, whilst the self-cleaning performance of fire-fighting fabrics is basically ignored. In addition, improper or excessive washing could easily deteriorate the protective performance. Therefore, development of self-cleaning aramid fabric is important to reduce the deterioration of protective performance caused by washing and to prolong the service life of the fire-fighting clothing.

Method In order to improve the self-cleaning properties of aramid fabric, TiO2 with stable and good photocatalytic effect, SiO2 aerogel (super-hydrophobic interface) with high porosity and easily form three-dimensional micro-structure, metal ion (Fe), tetraethoxysilane, butyl titanate, polydimethylsiloxane, butyl ferrate, and N-hexane were selected to treat the fabric. One-step spraying method was applied to prepare the photocatalytic self-cleaning aramid fabric. In order to enhance the firmness, the mixed solution of N,N-dimethyl hexamide (DMAC) and water was adopted to dissolve the aramid fabric surface. The differences in surface morphology, chemical structure, hydrophobicity, self-cleaning, photocatalysis, gas permeability and flame retardancy before and after treatment were systematically investigated.

Results The differences in the properties of aramid fabric before and after the treatment by SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel was found to be significant. In the aspect of morphology, the surface of the untreated aramid fabric was smooth without obvious attachment. On the contrary, the surface of aramid fabric treated with PDMS/SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel demonstrated increased roughness, with a layer of granular material uniformly attached to the surface. This shows the effectiveness of PDMS/SiO2-TiO2-Fe treatment to the aramid fabric surface. In the aspect of micromorphology, compared with the infrared spectra of untreated aramid fabric and treated aramid fabric (Fig.2), treated aramid fabric contained Si indicated the successful grafting of SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel onto the surface of aramid fabric. Static contact angle of the treated aramid fabric was increased to 150.9° suggesting super-hydrophobic critical range (Fig.3). Compared with untreated aramid fabric, carbon black pow der and clay on the surface of aramid fabric after treatment were both washed to the bottom of glass slide, and the surface of the fabric was clean, indicating that aramid fabric after the treatment by SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel has excellent anti-fouling performance (Fig.4). The photocatalysis degradation rate of methylene blue oil solution increased to 90.7% with the help of being treated by ultraviolet light for 6 h (Fig.5), indicating that the self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties of the treated aramid fabric were improved obviously. Compared with the flame retardancy of aramid fabric before and after the treatment by SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel, it was found that the flame retardancy decreased slightly, but remained within the standard requirement of B1 grade. It also found that washing has little effect on the flame retardance of fabric, indicating that the combination fastness was strong, and thus it was feasible to use one-step spraying method to treat aramid fabric with SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel.

Conclusion Compared with untreated aramid fabric, the static contact angle of SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel and low surface energy aramid fabric prepared by water-based sol-gel method was increased to 150.9°, the photocatalysis degradation rate of methylene blue oil solution was increased to 90.7% with the help of being treated by ultraviolet light for 6 h, and the self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties of the treated aramid fabric were improved obviously. The results provides a theoretical basis for development of self-cleaning fire-fighting fabrics, and was beneficial to prolong the service life of fire protection clothing.

Key words: aramid fabric, photocatalytic, self-cleaning, composite, fire protection clothing

中图分类号: 

  • TS151

图1

处理前后芳纶织物的表面微观形貌(×5 000)"

图2

处理前后芳纶织物的红外光谱图"

图3

处理前后芳纶织物的疏水性能"

图4

处理前后芳纶织物的自清洁性能"

图5

处理前后芳纶织物的光催化性能"

表1

芳纶织物处理前后的阻燃性能"

织物 续燃时间/s 阴燃时间/s 损毁长度/mm
未处理芳纶织物洗消前 2.56 3.12 5.25
未处理芳纶织物洗消后 2.55 3.11 5.27
光催化自清洁芳纶织物洗消前 4.62 4.51 13.01
光催化自清洁芳纶织物洗消后 4.61 4.49 12.97
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