关键词: 高性能纤维, 颜色构建, 芳纶, 碳纤维, 聚酰亚胺纤维, 超高分子量聚乙烯纤维

Abstract:

Significance High-performance fibers are key materials for the development of national textile industry, which is related to the development of national economic and strategic security. For the purposes of aesthetic enhancement, functional flexibility, and feature identification, demands on color construction of high-performance fiber have become an important driving force for the development of the colorful society. The development of color construction technique ranges from the chemical coloration to structural coloration technology. Additionally, future high-performance fiber will be permeable for long-term multi-field development in the applications of advanced and sophisticated areas, which is indispensable part of social progress, and integrating color construction of high-performance fiber is an ideal way to realize highly flexible and adaptive. To clearly understand the development and applications of high-performance fibers, master the frontiers and development trends of dyeing methods, and break through the technical bottlenecks of the industry, this paper comprehensively reviewed the research progress in color construction of high-performance fibers and its products.
Progress The technical innovation and research status in color construction of the representative aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyimide fiber, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene was focused. According to the structural characteristics, physical, and chemical properties of high-performance fibers, the aspects of fiber raw materials, molding processing, surface modification, and dyeing process are innovated, from which to implement color construction. Based on the development of chemical coloration methods including carrier dyeing, non-aqueous media solvents dyeing, dope dyeing, and structural coloration technology, maintaining the inherent high-performance characteristics is the building blocks of color construction process. The design of coloring method matching to the materials and structure effectively improves the dyeing property and dyeing fastness of high-performance fiber. However, significant limitation of promising coloring methods, which meets the social development concept, was demonstrated in industrial application.
For the aramid fiber, based on the pre-regulation of the molecular structure, the low temperature carrier dyeing has been carried out for bright color and high color fastness. However, the removal of residual carrier, the safe reuse, and reduction of the influence on the mechanical properties should be further investigated. Due to the high crystallinity, high chemical inertness, and strong light absorption characteristics of carbon fiber, the structural color methods have been extensively used to construct colored carbon fibers, while the influence of interface properties to color fastness is an urgent problem to be solved. The golden color of the polyimide fiber will also affect the further color construction. Presently, the color construction methods of polyimide fiber mainly include carrier dyeing and surface modification dyeing. Carrier dyeing of ketone carriers is effective to the color construction, which can significantly improve the color fastness of polyimide fibers. According to the physical and chemical structural properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the modification of dyes is a preponderant method for achieving color diversity.
Conclusion and Prospect High performance fiber refers to the chemical fiber with special physical and chemical structure, performance, and special function. As typical representative of high-performance fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber are the four most widely used in aerospace, national defense science and technology, military engineering, construction industry, transportation, medical protection, civil industry, and electronic communications. However, the unicity of color limits its application to further expansion. Aiming at the problem of color construction, the methods including carrier dyeing, non-aqueous solvent dyeing, fiber surface modification dyeing, stock solution coloring, as well as physical structure color construction have been improved.
Based on the current color construction technology, the attention of development tendency in the future will be attracted on promoting energy-saving, low-carbon, green and environmental protection dyeing, strengthening clean, and safe production. Meanwhile, theoretical fundamental research on the color construction of high-performance fibers is necessary to further investigate. Combining the macromolecular chain, chemical structure, molding process, surface physical, and chemical properties to achieve theoretical breakthrough in the color construction, theoretical innovation, and theoretical guidance for the preparation of colored high-performance fibers will be promoted.
Additionally, to improve the dyeing depth and color fastness of fibers and reduce the structural damage in the color construction process of high-performance fibers, further attention should be paid to maintain the excellent structural stability. Therefore, in the development of color construction, balance the relationship between the color construction technology and high-performance fiber properties will promote the high-quality development and application expansion of high-performance fiber and its products. This paper summarized in the main the basic principles and research progress of the above-mentioned high-performance fibers, and also pointed out the main challenge and research direction of this research direction.

Key words: high-performance fiber, color construction, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyimide fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber