纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (04): 229-237.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20230700402

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维的结构调控及其在生物医学领域应用研究进展

李朝威1, 成悦1, 苏新1, 陈鹏飞1, 李大伟1,2, 付译鋆1,2()   

  1. 1.南通大学 纺织服装学院, 江苏 南通 226019
    2.南通大学 安全防护用特种纤维复合材料研发国家地方联合工程研究中心, 江苏 南通 226019
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-03 修回日期:2023-10-26 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 付译鋆(1989—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为生物医用材料。E-mail:fuyj@ntu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:李朝威(1998—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为非织造材料设计开发。
  • 基金资助:
    南通市科技计划项目(MS22022068);南通大学大学生创新训练计划项目(2023149)

Structural regulation and biomedical applications of polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibers

LI Chaowei1, CHENG Yue1, SU Xin1, CHEN Pengfei1, LI Dawei1,2, FU Yijun1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
    2. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
  • Received:2023-07-03 Revised:2023-10-26 Published:2024-04-15 Online:2024-05-13

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摘要：

为促进聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)基纳米纤维在生物医学领域的应用,首先阐述了PVDF压电效应产生的关键在于其偶极子的取向排列,进一步以PVDF纳米纤维为研究对象,分析了纳米纤维的偶极子与纤维表面极性电荷的键合作用机制;归纳总结了随机分布型、取向排列型、中空以及图案化PVDF纳米纤维的结构调控;重点讨论了石墨烯、氧化锌、钛酸钡以及碳纳米管等各种掺杂材料对静电纺PVDF复合纳米纤维薄膜压电性能的影响,并详细介绍了其在伤口敷料、药物载体以及组织工程等生物医学领域的应用。研究指出结构调控和添加剂掺杂以及2种方法的组合是提高PVDF压电性能的有效方法,有望进一步拓展PVDF基纳米复合压电材料在生物医学领域中的应用。

关键词: 聚偏氟乙烯, 纳米纤维, 结构调控, 压电特性, 生物医用材料

Abstract:

Significance Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) possess excellent electrical properties, which is currently one of the strongest piezoelectric polymers discovered. Among various preparation methods of PVDF piezoelectric nanofibers, PVDF nanofibers prepared by electrospinning have more advantages, including large specific surface area, high porosity, good biocompatibility and better piezoelectric property, etc. In addition, the structure of electrospun nanofibers is similar to that of extracellular matrix, which is beneficial for promoting cell proliferation and differentiation. At present, there have been numerous reports on the application of electrospun PVDF piezoelectric nanofibers in biomedical fields such as wound dressings, drug carriers, and tissue engineering, proving their enormous potential in biomedical applications.

Progress In this paper, the piezoelectric characteristics of PVDF were analyzed. four types of electrospun PVDF nanofibers, consisting of random type, oriented type, hollow type, and patterned type were introduced and their process methods, structures, properties, and preparation principles were analyzed. The influence of the doping of fillers such as graphene, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, carbon nanotubes, etc and the creation of multi-layer composite structures on the structure and piezoelectric property of electrospun PVDF nanofibers were described. The results showed that these doped materials not only changed the original morphology of PVDF nanofibers, but also significantly improved their piezoelectric property. The multilayered composite structure nanofibers created by combining electrospinning PVDF fibers with nanofibers generated by another method (such as vapor phase polymerization, point spraying and extended flow method) exhibited higher voltage output. Because of outstanding biocompatibility and piezoelectricity, electrospun PVDF nanofibers are widely used in biomedical fields such as wound dressings, drug carriers and tissue engineering. It could be demonstrated that PVDF based piezoelectric scaffolds presented excellent piezoelectric performance, which were able to provide piezoelectric signals similar to the internal electric field of the human body and generate sufficient piezoelectric output to stimulate cell differentiation and proliferation, thereby promoting tissue formation and bone growth. Moreover, PVDF electrospun nanofibers were used as a drug carrier to targeted therapy of the lesion site to achieve sustained drug release.

Conclusion and Prospect The PVDF nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology with high specific surface area, high porosity, good biocompatibility and excellent piezoelectric property can output enough voltage to promote cell proliferation and differentiation, which is conducive to their application in the biomedical field. The current methods used to improve electrospun PVDF based nanofibers mainly focus on structural design and filler doping. Structural changes will face the challenge of reducing mechanical strength, and the addition of fillers may bring biocompatibility and uniformity issues. On the one hand, it is necessary to explore more effective structures and additives to improve the mechanical, piezoelectric and other comprehensive properties of PVDF nanofibers while ensuring that they are non-toxic to the human body in future research. On the other hand, structural design can be combined with filler doping to prepare PVDF composites with better performance.

Key words: polyvinylidene fluoride, nanofiber, structural regulation, piezoelectricity, biomedicine

中图分类号: 

  • TS102.6

图1

随机型和取向型PVDF纳米纤维制备示意图"

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