基于粘胶纤维非织造材料的太阳能水电联产装置设计及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20230307301

纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (07): 78-85.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20230307301

基于粘胶纤维非织造材料的太阳能水电联产装置设计及其性能

鲁颖科¹, 金炳奇¹, 徐涛¹, 高一蕾¹, 邓炳耀¹, 李昊轩¹^,²()

1.江南大学纺织科学与工程学院, 江苏无锡 214122
2.浙江省智能织物与柔性互联重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310018

收稿日期:2023-03-31 修回日期:2023-12-13 出版日期:2024-07-15 发布日期:2024-07-15
通讯作者: 李昊轩(1990—),男,研究员,博士。主要研究方向为非织造材料结构调控及应用。E-mail:lihaox@jiangnan.edu.cn。
作者简介:鲁颖科(1999—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为光热非织造材料制备及应用。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52203226);浙江省智能纺织与柔性互联重点实验室开放课题项目(YB13)

Design and properties of solar water-electricity synergistic generator based on viscose nonwoven fabric

LU Yingke¹, JING Bingqi¹, XU Tao¹, GAO Yilei¹, DENG Bingyao¹, LI Haoxuan¹^,²()

1. College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
2. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China

Received:2023-03-31 Revised:2023-12-13 Published:2024-07-15 Online:2024-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前光驱动界面式水蒸发研究忽略低成本规模化生产和淡水产率低的问题,以粘胶纤维为原料,采用针刺非织造技术加工得到粘胶纤维非织造材料,选用光伏电池与粘胶纤维非织造材料制备水电联产装置,巧妙借助光伏电池工作时产生的废热实现界面蒸发,同时解决光伏电池在工作中产生高温导致发电效率降低的问题。研究了不同面密度的粘胶纤维非织造材料对装置蒸发速率的影响,以及该装置的水电联产性能。结果表明:粘胶纤维非织造材料运输水进行蒸发可有效降低光伏电池的温度,在1 kW/m²的光照强度下,使用面密度为160 g/m²的粘胶纤维非织造材料搭建的装置蒸发速率最佳,可达1.36 kg/(m²·h),光伏电池的光电转换效率相较于界面蒸发降温前提高0.7%;经户外实验,该水电联产装置1 d可稳定收集2.23 kg/m²的水和37.3 kW·h/m²的电,且收集的淡水达到世界卫生组织饮用水标准,初步验证了利用传统非织造材料和光伏发电结合实现水电联产和规模化应用的潜在可能。

关键词: 界面蒸发, 光伏发电, 非织造材料, 粘胶纤维, 海水淡化, 水电联产装置

Abstract:

Objective Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) has emerged as a promising eco-friendly and low-carbon emission technology to address the global water scarcity. However, most current studies have focused too much on evaporation materials, ignoring the real bottlenecks are in the low-cost, scalable production and low fresh water yield in seawater desalination. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a novel strategy to construct a water-electricity synergistic generator (WESG) by combining interfacial evaporation technology with photovoltaic generation.

Method The WESG containing a solar cell, thermoelectric generator, viscose fiber based nonwoven fabric and a copper condenser from top to bottom. The device skillfully uses the waste heat generated during the work of photovoltaic cells to facilitate interface evaporation, and solves the problem of low power generation efficiency caused by high temperature generated during the operation of the photovoltaic cells. The structure and wicking effect of the viscose fiber based nonwoven fabric, evaporation and electricity performance of the WESG was characterized.

Results The viscose nonwoven fabric is twisted, staggered, and interconnected to form a porous structure, resulting in good air permeability. The water droplets on the surface of viscose nonwovens fabric completely is diffused within 0.2 s, indicating that the water quickly reaches the gas-liquid interface and continuously supplies water to the evaporation interface. Assisted with evaporation process, the temperature of the photovoltaic cell is decreased from 62 ℃ to 48 ℃ under the simulated irradiation of 1 kW/m², and the evaporation rate reaches 1.36 kg/(m²·h). According to the voltammetry characteristic curve of the photovoltaic cell, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency is increased from 8.8% to 9.6% after cooling. The results show that the combination of photovoltaic power generation and interfacial water evaporation technology can effectively reduce the working temperature of photovoltaic cells and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells. The thermoelectric generator sheet can release 84 mV voltage, and the maximum power density is 28.12 μW/cm²during evaporation. The outdoor performance experiment of the WESG is able to generate 2.23 kg/m² of water and 37.3 (kW·h) /m²electricity in one day. The photoelectricity conversion efficiency and solar to vapor conversion efficiency are maintained at 9.5% and 82%, respectively during 144 h of cycle operation, suggesting that the excellent working stability of WESG. After purification, the ion concentration of salt water is decreased by 2-4 orders of magnitude, reaching the drinking water standards of the World Health Organization and the United States Environmental Protection Agency, implying that the WESG has a good water purification effect.

Conclusion In summary, this work provides a WESG with minimized energy loss and passive cooling condensation. The WESG cleverly uses the waste heat generated during the work of photovoltaic cells to realize interface evaporation, and solves the problem of low power generation efficiency caused by high temperature generated during the operation of the photovoltaic cells. The results show that the evaporation of water transported by viscose nonwoven fabric can effectively decrease the temperature of photovoltaic cells, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells. This paper preliminary verifies the potential of utilizing traditional nonwoven materials and photovoltaic power generation to realize water-electricity synergistic generation and large-scale application.

Key words: interfacial steam generation, photovoltaic power, nonwoven material, viscose, desalination, synergistic water-electricity generation.

中图分类号:

TK519

鲁颖科, 金炳奇, 徐涛, 高一蕾, 邓炳耀, 李昊轩. 基于粘胶纤维非织造材料的太阳能水电联产装置设计及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(07): 78-85.

LU Yingke, JING Bingqi, XU Tao, GAO Yilei, DENG Bingyao, LI Haoxuan. Design and properties of solar water-electricity synergistic generator based on viscose nonwoven fabric[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(07): 78-85.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20230307301

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I07/78

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光热材料	水运输材料	发电模块	蒸发速率/ (kg·m^-2·h^-1)	发电量/ (W·h·m^-2)	参考文献
透明晶体硅光伏电池	还原氧化石墨烯织物	透明晶体硅光伏电池	0.80	204.0	[13]
多晶硅光伏电池	亲水石英玻璃纤维膜	多晶硅光伏电池	1.88	115.0	[14]
生物炭材料	滤纸	温差发电片	1.26	0.4	[15]
半透明光伏电池,聚吡咯	负载聚吡咯的纤维膜	半透明光伏电池	1.30	122.0	[16]
碳纳米管	聚丙烯胺/碳纳米管水凝胶	温差发电片	1.42	4.8	[17]
多晶硅光伏电池	粘胶纤维非织造材料	多晶硅光伏电池及温差发电片	1.36	95.8	本文

基于粘胶纤维非织造材料的太阳能水电联产装置设计及其性能

Design and properties of solar water-electricity synergistic generator based on viscose nonwoven fabric

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