基于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛/聚乙二醇的同轴纳米纤维膜储热织物制备及其热管理性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20240101001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用同轴静电纺丝法制备了以聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为皮层、聚乙二醇2000(PEG2000)为芯层的复合纳米纤维膜(PVB/PEG),同时以此设计了PVB/PEG厚度不同的三明治式相变储热复合织物,借助扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪、热红外成像仪等测试了PVB/PEG纳米纤维及其复合织物的形状稳定性、相变焓值、储放热性能以及透气透湿性能。PVB/PEG纤维展现了连续的皮芯同轴复合结构,相变储热值为27~47 J/g,在65 ℃保持形状稳定确保了PEG固液相转变无渗漏。单层、双层和三层复合织物在热对流和热传导环境下的热缓冲时间分别为18、36、60 s与18、32、54 s,并且在100次热循环后织物热调节能力不变,展示了优异的储放热性能和热管理能力。同时,复合织物的透气透湿性随PVB/PEG纳米纤维膜负载层数的增加而降低,但织物弹性模量增加,表明基于PVB/PEG同轴纳米纤维膜制备的复合织物可作为热舒适服用材料在个人热管理调节方面得到应用。

关键词: 相变材料, 热能储存, 静电纺丝, 同轴结构, 复合织物, 透气性, 透湿性, 聚丙烯非织造布

Abstract:

Objective In order to enhance the thermal comfort properties of textiles, this study employs the coaxial electrospinning method to fabricate a composite nanofibrous membrane with polyvinyl alcohol formaldehyde (PVB) as the skin layer and PEG2000 as the core layer (PVB/PEG). Simultaneously, a sandwiched phase change heat storage composite fabric is designed using the as-prepared PVB/PEG nanofibrous membranes. The fabric exhibits excellent heat storage and release properties and offers an effective thermoregulated effect.

Method Coaxial electrospinning technology was employed to fabricate PVB/PEG nanofibrous membranes with various fiber skin/core ratios. Using nanofibers with fiber skin/core (2∶1) ratio as the sandwiched layers, single-layer (T1), double-layer (T2), and triple-layer (T3) PVB/PEG composite fabrics were prepared. Phase change enthalpy, thermal storage performance, and fabric's thermal management ability were tested by SEM, TEM, DSC, thermal infrared imaging, and thermocouples.

Results The PVB/PEG nanofibers had a continuous core-shell structure with diameters ranging from 244 to 372 nm, and phase change enthalpy is between 27-47 J/g. The phase change enthalpy of T1, T2, and T3 fabrics ranged from 6-14 J/g and were closely related to the PEG contents in the nanofibers. The fabrics maintained good shape stability at 65 ℃ and thermal energy storage and temperature regulation capabilities keep stable after 100 thermal cycles, demonstrating the composite fabric's repeatability. The 50 ℃ thermal buffering platform demonstrated the fabric's good temperature-regulating effect, and the thermal buffering time depends on the amount of nanofiber membrane layers.

Conclusion The composite fabrics ensure good thermal buffering effects, and they reduce the fabric's breathability and moisture permeability at loading triple-layered nanofibrous membranes. Achieving balance of thermal comfort and fabric properties is of importance in obtaining the satisfied nanofiber diameter, phase change material content, and fabric thickness. This opens a promising application in personal thermal management textiles.

Key words: phase change material, thermal energy storage, coaxial electrostatic spinning, composite fabric, air permeability, moisture permeability, polyprophylene nonwoven fabric

中图分类号:

TS179

李韩, 王海霞, 张旭, 刘丽萍, 刘小琨. 基于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛/聚乙二醇的同轴纳米纤维膜储热织物制备及其热管理性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(11): 37-45.

LI Han, WANG Haixia, ZHANG Xu, LIU Liping, LIU Xiaokun. Preparation and thermal management performance of thermoregulated fabric based on polyvinyl butyral/polyethylene glycol coaxial nanofiber membrane[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(11): 37-45.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20240101001

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I11/37

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样品	T_mo/℃	T_mp/℃	T_me/℃	ΔH_m/(J·g^-1)	T_co/℃	T_cp/℃	T_ce/℃	ΔH_c/(J·g^-1)
PEG2000	52.1	59.3	63.7	116.1	37.4	31.5	27.1	114.0
V_S∶V_C=1∶1	51.5	60.2	64.2	47.1	36.1	31.4	26.6	43.7
V_S∶V_C=2∶1	51.2	58.5	62.3	35.1	34.4	30.5	26.0	30.8
V_S∶V_C=3∶1	52.2	58.8	62.9	27.6	35.8	30.8	26.1	23.8
V_S∶V_C=4∶1	51.8	55.0	58.0	3.2	24.8	21.6	16.8	1.5
洗涤30 min (V_S∶V_C为2∶1)	50.6	57.6	61.2	34.9	32.8	29.2	25.6	30.7
洗涤60 min (V_S∶V_C为2∶1)	50.3	57.8	61.3	34.8	33.0	28.5	23.7	30.7

样品	T_mo /℃	T_mp/℃	T_me/℃	ΔH_m/(J·g^-1)	T_co/℃	T_cp/℃	T_ce/℃	ΔH_c/(J·g^-1)
PVB/PEG(V_S∶V_C为2∶1) 纳米纤维	51.2	58.5	62.3	35.1	34.4	30.5	26.0	30.8
T1	50.4	57.4	62.3	6.2	38.4	31.1	26.3	5.8
T2	54.6	63.6	68.9	11.7	36.4	29.0	23.2	11.1
T3	54.3	63.8	69.2	14.0	37.0	29.1	23.1	13.4

样品	透气率/ (mm·s^-1)	透湿率/ (g·m^-2·h^-1)
空白布样	2 100±10	353±0.1
PVB/PEG纳米纤维 (V_S∶V_C为2∶1)	28±0.5	194±0.1
T1	26±0.5	181±0.1
T2	17±0.5	162±0.1
T3	14±0.5	127±0.1