Abstract: Recently, due to their structures and excellent properties, aromatic polyamides containing heterocyclics have triggered considerable interest in the fields of chemistry and material science. It is shown that aromatic polyamides containing heterocyclics possess excellent processability, heat resistance and mechanical properties besides outstanding performance similar to conventional aromatic polyamides. In this paper, aromatic polyamides containing heterocyclic are introduced, especially on their sorts, synthesis, performance and applications. Several views about the further research and development of aromatic polyamides are also put forward. Since application fields of aromatic polyamides containing heterocyclic have been expanding constantly, its research may become a main modification method of aromatic polyamides in the future.