Abstract: Using orthogonal experiment,a preliminary analysis was conducted of the effect of caustic soda,sodium persulfate,and hydrogen peroxide in one bath oxidative pretreatment of cotton fabric.The results showed that either excessive or inadequate amount of caustic soda will result in an increase in strength loss of the fabric.The whiteness and capillary effect improve with the increase of the concentration of caustic soda.Increasing the amount of sodium persulfate, the capillary effect is enhanced considerably.But excessive amount of it reduces the whiteness.As for hydrogen peroxide,a dosage of 15 g/L has proved adequate.A larger dosage of it leads to increased strength loss of the fabric.