Abstract: The surface functionalization treatment of VGCF and its dispersion in polymer were studied. The VGCF/PA6 nanofibrous mats with different amount of VGCF were prepared by electrospinning, and then VGCF/PA6 nanofibers reinforced PLA composite was obtained by hot pressing. The results indicated that, VGCF treated with mixed acid presented a better dispersion in polymer solution when the VGCF solution was ultrasonicated for 1h befor and after the addition of polymer. With surfactant treatment, the dispersion of the acid-treat VGCF in the polymer solution had obviously improved. With the addition of VGCF into the PA6/formic acid spinning solution, the mechanical properties were improved. When the mass fraction of VGCF in the spinning solution was 0.03%, the breaking strength of VGCF/PA6 nanofibers reached the maximum value, 14.68MPa. The breaking strength of composites increased at first and then decreased with the increasing content of VGCF/PA6 nanofibers in the composites, and the peak value, 25.80MPa, appeared as the mass fraction of VGCF/PA6 nanofibers reached 7.39%.