Abstract: To put forward a theory to estimate the accuracy of a given woven structure model, the geometry of the plain weave fabric by Peirce’s model is calculated and the similarity principle of the curve is used in the paper. The fabric structure is simulated by using the cubic B spline surface based on the non-devastating measurement with Keyence digital microscope. Through the established model combined with advanced discrete Fréchet distance criterion, both the discrete Fréchet distances of the corresponding peak points, trough points and the absolute differences of the discrete Fréchet distances between trough points and adjacent peak points need to be calculated. If all the absolute differences of the discrete Fréchet distances are within a given threshold, the curves reconstructed with different methods are regarded to be similar. Then the similarity of the two kinds of curves with different 3D structure model of the fabric is analyzed and the exact similarity value is also calculated through the MatLab application. Accurate similarity values calculated with the warp and weft of Sample I and Sample II were 90%, 86% and 82%, 94% respectively.