Abstract: It’s very important to properly evaluate the thermal protective performance of thermal protective clothing for reducing skin burn injury. In this paper, the development of heat and moisture transfer models for thermal protective clothing were reviewed and evaluated, including bio-heat transfer equations and skin burn evaluation models, 1D or 2D heat and moisture transfer models for single layer or multilayer fabrics and full scale 3D garments. The application limitations of these models were discussed, and the predictions of the future studies on heat and moisture transfer model were also carried out. Studies on the heat and moisture transfer model could not only provide proper guidelines for the application of thermal protective clothing so as to reduce skin burn and steam burn, but also improve the test technologies of thermal protective performance and meet the technology requirement of “Safety development” and “public security prevention”.