Abstract:

In roder to solve the low oil absorption problem of comventional fibrous oil sorption mats, the polysulfone (PSF) and polylactic acid (PLA) superfine fibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning to increase the oil absorption capacity of fibrous adsorption maerials. The influence of morphology structure of fibers, pore structure, oleophilicity and hydrophobicity of the fibrous membranes on oil absorption and oil retention wrer studied. The results show that the PSF and PLA superfine porous membranes have excellent oleophilicity and hydrophobicity, while the fiber diameter, pore diameter and porosity between fibers, oleophilicity and hydrophobicity, and volume expansion degree of membranes after oil absorption bave great influence on oilabsorption capacity. The mesopores (2 ~ 60 nm) on the surface of dibers have no obvious influence on improving the oil absorption. However, the high porosity and through-out pores of membranes do not facilitate oil retention. When the membranes contact with oil for 1 h, the oil absorption capacity of PLA membranes is 50.1 g/g for pump oil and 34.6 g/g for linseed oil, while the oil absorption capacity of PSF membranes is 147.8 g/g for pump oil and 131.3 g/g for linseed oil. The oil retention of PLA membranes is decreased by 42.04% for pump oil and 53.69% for linseed oil, while the oil retention of PSF membranes is decreased by 62.17% for pump oil and 50.61% for linseed oil, after natural draining for 1 h.

Key words: electrospinning, porous superfine fiber, oil absorption, oil retention