Journal of Textile Research ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (03): 68-77.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20190602610

• Textile Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Structural design and finite element analysis of landing gearwith leaf spring made of 3-D woven composite

WANG Xianghua1, CHENG Ling1(), ZHANG Yifan1, PENG Haifeng2, HUANG Zhiwen2, LIU Xiaozhi2   

  1. 1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2. China Helicopter Research and Development Institute, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi 333001, China
  • Received:2019-06-12 Revised:2019-12-09 Online:2020-03-15 Published:2020-03-27
  • Contact: CHENG Ling E-mail:chengling@tjpu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to achieve the weight reduction of the helicopter leaf spring landing gear and improve the inter-layer shear performance, a carbon fiber 3-D woven structure was adopted to prepare integrally the composite landing gear. According to the design requirements of the landing gear, the 3-D mechanical analysis model of the leaf spring landing gear was established by force analysis and theoretical calculation. Through the material experiment and theoretical calculation, the material engineering constants required for the finite element calculation were obtained. Combined with the maximum stress-strain criterion, the finite element method was used to simulate the quasi-static loading of the leaf spring, the leaf spring section and axis geometry, and the length and thickness values of the variable cross-section. The results show that based on the twill 2.5-D woven composite structure, the circular arc-shaped and rectangular-section leaf spring with a section width of 120 mm and a thickness of 24 mm meets the deflection requirement while the strain is less than the allowable strain value of the material. Based on the preferred cross-section, when the thickening length is 760 mm and the thickening thickness is 36 mm, the composite landing gear not only can meet the design requirements of deflection and strength, but also the weight loss reached about 30% compared to the spring structure of 4340 steel currently used for aviation applications.

Key words: 3-D woven composite, leaf spring landing gear, structural mechanics, carbon fiber

CLC Number: 

  • TB332

Fig.1

Basic structure of landing gear"

Fig.2

Leaf spring force simplified model"

Tab.1

Load condition of leaf spring under different working conditions"

飞机姿态 垂向载荷
Fy/N		 水平载荷
Fz/N
机轮水平下沉着陆 9 561.5 0
机轮水平滑行 5 671.2 5 882.7

Fig.3

Bending deformation of cantilever beam. (a) Bending moment; (b) Shearing force"

Fig.4

Twill 2.5-D woven structures"

Tab.2

Component material performance parameters of 3-D woven composites"

参数 TG800-6K碳纤维 5284环氧树脂
密度/(g·cm-3) 1.79 1.21
延伸率/% 2.25 4.5
抗拉强度/MPa 5 490 50
ER/GPa 294 3.13
弹性模量 ET/GPa 15 —
EQ/GPa 15 —
GRT/GPa 24 1.19
剪切模量 GTQ/GPa 5.27 —
GRQ/GPa 24 —
νRT 0.3 0.32
泊松比 νTQ 0.42 —
νRQ 0.3 —

Tab.3

3-D woven composite elastic engineering constant"

弹性工程常数 实验测试值 理论计算值
E11/GPa 68.09 70.12
弹性模量 E22/GPa 23.31 24.89
E33/GPa — 9.32
G12/GPa — 13.21
剪切模量 G23/GPa — 8.28
G13/GPa — 12.14
ν12 0.42 0.35
泊松比 ν23 — 0.41
ν13 — 0.33

Fig.5

Direction of local material properties of the 3-D leaf spring"

Tab.4

Performance comparison of leaf spring bending configuration under the same section condition"

弯曲
形状		 挠度/
mm		 应变 应力/MPa
1向 2向 12向 1向 2向 12向
直线形 128.3 8 127 4 873 8 735 786.3 139.1 122.4
圆弧形 119.4 7 428 4 171 8 387 641.3 102.7 115.2

Fig.6

3-D leaf spring deformation stress cloud diagram with different cross sections. (a)Racetrack shape;(b)Rectangle;(c)Trapezoid;(d)Oblique trapezoid"

Fig.7

Mechanical performance curve of leaf spring under thickened length. (a)Thickened length-deflection/stress curve; (b)Thickened length-deflection/strain curve"

Fig.8

Mechanical properties of leaf spring under thickened thickness. (a)Thickness-deflection/stress curve;(b) Thickness-deflection/strain curve"

Fig.9

Local area stress cloud diagram of leaf spring"

Fig.10

Stress cloud diagram of leaf spring structure under different thickness values"

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