Journal of Textile Research ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 107-115.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20191001309

• Dyeing and Finishing & Chemicals • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation of durable flame retardant polyacrylonitrile fabrics using UV-induced photo-grafting polymerization combined with sol-gel coating

WANG Yang1, CHENG Chunzu2, JIANG Li'na1, REN Yuanlin1,3(), GUO Yingbin1   

  1. 1. School of Textile Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2. China Textile Academy, Beijing 100025, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite, Ministry of Education, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2019-10-08 Revised:2020-06-22 Online:2020-10-15 Published:2020-10-27
  • Contact: REN Yuanlin E-mail:yuanlinr@163.com

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Abstract:

In view of the poor flammability of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and environmental problems caused by traditional flame retardant technologies, ultraviolet (UV)-induced photo-grafting polymerization combined with sol-gel technology was used to improve the flame resistance of PAN fabrics. A PAN fabric grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was firstly prepared by means of UV-induced photo-grafting polymerization technology. The PAN-g-GMA was then coated with an organic-inorganic hybrid silica sol doped with phytic acid and urea to obtain a flame retardant PAN fabric. The thermogravimetric analysis and cone calorimeter test were used to characterize the thermal and combustion properties. The results show that the char residue of the FR-PAN is as high as 31.4%. In addition, the peak of heat release rateand the peak of smoke production rate of flame retardant PAN fabrics decreases from 374.4 kW/m2 and 0.06 m2/s to 186.7 kW/m2 and 0.03 m2/s, respectively. All the results indicate that the FR-PAN fabric performs excellently in flame retardancy and demonstrate good smoke suppression performance. The limiting oxygen index value of the flame retardant PAN fabric remains 27.3% after 30 times washing cycles, indicating good durable flame retardant performance.

Key words: polyacrylonitrile fabric, flame retardant fabric, photo-grafting polymerization, glycidyl methacrylate, sol-gel

CLC Number: 

  • TS156

Fig.1

Schematic of preparing FR-PAN fabric"

Fig.2

XRD spectra of PAN and modified PAN fabrics"

Fig.3

XPS spectra of PAN and modified PAN fabrics"

Tab.1

Chemical compositions of different fabrics %"

样品 C1s O1s N1s P2p Si2p
空白织物 81.93 10.86 7.21 0 0
接枝织物 75.30 18.07 3.36 0 0
阻燃织物 43.28 35.77 4.83 5.75 9.79
残炭 68.61 15.62 9.02 4.40 1.07

Fig.4

TG curves of PAN and modified PAN"

Fig.5

DTG curves of PAN and modified PAN"

Fig.6

DSC curves of PAN and modified PAN"

Fig.7

FT-IR spectra of PAN and modified PAN fabrics and char residue"

Fig.8

Infrared spectra of flame retardant samples at different temperatures"

Fig.9

Py-GC/MS spectrum of FR-PAN fabric"

Fig.10

Combustion curves of blank and flame retardant fabrics. (a) HRR; (b) THR; (c) SPR; (d) TSP"

Tab.2

Parameters of PAN and FR-PAN by cone calorimetry test"

样品 点燃时
间/s		 热释放速
率峰值/
(kW·m-2)		 到达热释
放速率峰值
时间/s		 总热释
放量/
(MJ·m-2)		 烟雾生成
速率峰值/
(m2·s-1)		 总烟雾生
成量/m2		 平均质量
损失率/
(g·s-1)		 残炭
量/%		 火灾增长
速率常数
空白织物 25 374.4 45 7.3 0.06 1.5 0.020 38.0 8.32
阻燃织物 42 186.7 60 7.0 0.03 0.7 0.008 66.4 3.11

Tab.3

LOI values of PAN fabric and FR-PAN fabric before and after washing%"

样品 0 5次 10次 20次 30次
空白织物 17.0 - - - -
阻燃织物 33.4 33.1 30.4 29.2 27.3

Fig.11

SEM images of different samples. (a) PAN fabric(×1 000); (b) PAN-g-GMA(×600); (c) FR-PAN(×800); (d) Burned FR-PAN(×800)"

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