Journal of Textile Research ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 168-173.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20191206306

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Research progress of noise reduction by nanofibers

LI Haoyi1,2, XU Hao1, CHEN Mingjun1, YANG Tao3, CHEN Xiaoqing1, YAN Hua1,2, YANG Weimin1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    3. China Chemical Fibers Association, Beijing 100022, China
  • Received:2019-12-30 Revised:2020-08-06 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2020-11-26
  • Contact: YANG Weimin E-mail:yangwm@mail.buct.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to broaden the application of nanofibers in acoustics and promote the development of sound absorption of high-performance nanofibers, the current research on sound absorption and noise reduction of nanofibers at domestic and abroad is reviewed. First, the sound absorption principle and advantages of nanofibers are analyzed. The high specific surface area and porosity of nanofibers promote the absorption of sound waves in the low and middle frequency range. Secondly, the factors that affect the sound absorption properties of nanofibers are summarized. Then introduced the preparation technology of nanofibers. The effects of nanofibers on the sound absorption properties of natural fibers, synthetic fibers and foams are mainly described. It is believed that conventional sound absorption materials can significantly improve their sound absorption performance in low and middle frequency range by combining with nanofibers. Finally, the prospects for nanofiber sound-absorbing urgently to be solved and how to prepare green and high-performance nanofiber sound-absorbing materials were made.

Key words: nanofiber, sound absorbing material, noise reduction, electrospinning, composite material

CLC Number: 

  • TS141

Fig.1

Schematic of porous material sound absorption"

Fig.2

Schematic resonance of nanofiber membrane"

Tab.1

Sound absorption curves characteristic of common nanofiber"

材料 吸声曲线特点 参考文献
PVC 共振频率低,中低频吸声性能好 [6,8]
PVP 相比于PVC,高频段吸声性能更好 [6,8]
PVA 材料中低频段吸声性能,高频吸声性能变差 [9-10]
PAN 共振频率高,
对材料在高频段的吸声性能改善明显		 [11-12]
[13-14]
PU 相比于PAN,共振频率低,中低频吸声性能好 [12-13,15]
PVDF 相比于PU,共振频率低,中低频吸声性能好 [16-17]
PA 高频提升效果明显,中低频几乎无提升作用 [18]

Fig.3

3-D nanofiber manufacturing process"

Fig.4

Resilience performance of cross-linked PS nanofiber"

Tab.2

Sound absorption performance of nanofiber composite sound-absorbing materials in different frequency ranges"

材料 吸声性能 吸声系数峰值
对应频率/Hz		 吸声系数
峰值
250~500 Hz 500~1 000 Hz 1 000~2 000 Hz 2 000~4 000 Hz
天然纤维 羊毛[18] 差 差 差 一般 4 000 0.46
PA纳米纤维网/羊毛[18] 差 差 一般 好 4 000 0.85
黄麻[14] 差 差 差 好 4 000 0.65
PAN纳米纤维/黄麻[14] 差 一般 一般 好 4 000 0.85
椰壳[9] 差 差 一般 — 1 200 0.40
PVA纳米纤维/椰壳[9] 差 一般 一般 — 1 000 0.37
改性PVA纳米纤维/椰壳[9] 差 一般 好 — 800 0.55
合成纤维 PET非织造布[13] 差 差 一般 好 4 000 0.76
PU纳米纤维/PET非织造布[13] 差 一般 好 好 2 200 0.74
PAN纳米纤维/PET非织造布[13] 差 一般 好 好 3 000 0.80
聚酯[22] 差 差 差 差 4 000 0.18
PAN纳米纤维/聚酯[22] 差 差 一般 好 2 000 0.70
非织造布[15] 差 差 好 好 3 200 0.55
非织造布/非织造布[15] 差 一般 好 好 2 600 0.80
PU纳米纤维/非织造布[15] 差 一般 好 好 2 600 0.80
非织造布/PU纳米纤维/非织造布[15] 差 一般 好 好 2 500 0.98
泡沫 BASF泡沫[11] 差 差 一般 一般 4 000 0.60
PAN纳米纤维/BASF泡沫[11] 差 一般 好 好 3500 0.96
聚氨酯泡沫[12] 差 差 差 差 1 500 0.15
PAN纳米纤维/聚氨酯泡沫[12] 差 一般 好 好 3 200 0.77
PU纳米纤维/聚氨酯泡沫[12] 差 一般 好 好 2 000 0.70
泡沫板[31] 差 差 差 差 1 250 0.10
(PU/PVDF纳米纤维)/泡沫板[31] 差 一般 好 差 1 400 0.68
泡沫[16] 差 差 一般 好 3 200 0.91
PVDF/泡沫[16] 一般 好 好 好 1 000 0.82
PVDF(添加CNTs)/泡沫[16] 一般 好 好 好 1 000 0.90
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