Journal of Textile Research ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (09): 191-200.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200405610

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• Column: Biomedical Textile Materials and It′s Products • Previous Articles    

Research progress on medical textiles

YAN Jia1,2, LI Gang1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
    2. China National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
  • Received:2020-04-20 Revised:2020-06-15 Online:2020-09-15 Published:2020-09-25
  • Contact: LI Gang E-mail:tcligang@suda.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to develop medical textiles with good biocompatibility, safety, effectiveness and stability, this paper reviews comprehensively on the types, composition forms, physical and biological properties, advantages and disadvantages of medical textiles and their raw materials. The research progress in commonly used preparation and processing technologies, surface treatment methods and chemical modification technologies for medical textiles were introduced. Future development demands and trends of medical textiles together with the main problems and opportunities were analyzed. It is concluded that natural and synthetic biomaterials are being widely used in medical textiles, which are easy to process and degradable. They have good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, making medical textiles suitable for in vivo implantation and soft tissue repair, healthcare and hygiene and other related fields. Medical textiles involve multi-disciplinary knowledge, and require multi-disciplinary teams of talents in biomaterials, textiles, and clinical medicine to work together for innovation.

Key words: medical material, healthcare and hygiene textiles, artificial organs, implantable textiles

CLC Number: 

  • TS106

Fig.1

Cross-section diagrams of silkworm (a) and spider silk(b)"

Tab. 1

Application of silk fibroin-based biomaterials in medical textiles"

类别 应用领域 制备方式 材料 参考文献
体外治疗用制品 矫形绷带/功能纺织品 针织/机织 丝织物 [24]
移植用制品 手术缝合线 单丝/复丝编织 丝线或钛夹 [25]
肌腱/韧带/神经 针织和/或编织 RGD改性多根纤维蚕丝① [26-27]
疝气补片/皮肤/肌肉 机织/经编和/或纬编 蚕丝蛋白网络 [28-29]
角膜/心脏瓣膜 非织造 聚L-丙交酯-己内酯/胶原蛋白/丝蛋白 [30]
人工关节/骨头 非织造/静电纺 骨蛋白和羟基磷灰石粒子改性丝蛋白纱线 [31]
牙线/绷带 编织 改性蚕丝 [32]
血管支架 非织/编织/机织 三维丝蛋白支架 [33]
人造血管 机织/针织/编织/静电纺 包有丝胶的涤纶/蚕丝 [34]
气管/食道/肠支架 经/纬编/编织/非织造涂层 载药丝蛋白涂层 [35]
人工器官用制品 人工肾脏、肺 蚕丝薄膜 丝-赖氨酸嵌段共聚物和DNA质粒② [36]
人工肝 非织造/纤维混合 丝蛋白/胶原蛋白共混膜 [37]
卫生保健用
纺织品		 医院/外科用纺织品
手术服/口罩		 非织造/纬编/经编/机织/
编织/后整理		 丝蛋白后整理剂;
涂有抗菌整理剂的基质		 [38-39]

Fig.2

Implants made by natural or synthetic polymers. (a)Weft-knitting intestinal stent; (b)Woven artificial vessel;(c)Woven artificial chest wall; (d)Nerve guidance conduit;(e)Antibacterial suture; (f)Drug-loading anal fistula plug"

Tab.2

Types, protection indexes, structure and protection performance of medical masks"

口罩种类 技术指标 结构 细菌过滤效率
(3.0 μm级)		 非油性颗粒物
过滤效率
(0.3 μm级)		 合成血液
穿透阻力/
kPa		 表面抗湿性 密封性
棉布口罩 无明确要求 复合纤维压制 无明确要求 无明确要求 无明确要求 无明确要求 一般
普通医用口罩 YY/T 0969—2013 SMS ≥95% 无明确要求 无明确要求 无明确要求 一般
医用外科口罩 YY 0469—2011 (内层)吸湿层(中层)
熔喷层(外层)阻水层		 ≥95% ≥30% 15.96 无明确要求 一般
医用防护口罩 GB 19083—2010 与医用外科口罩相似,
但中层更厚		 无明确要求 ≥95%(1级)
≥99%(2级)
≥99.97%(3级)		 10.64 沾湿等级3级 紧密
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