Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (01): 22-29.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200603108

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and properties of carbon nanofiber electrode made from electrospun polyacrylonitrile/linear phenolic resin

WANG He(), WANG Hongjie, RUAN Fangtao, FENG Quan   

  1. School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
  • Received:2020-06-11 Revised:2020-10-08 Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-01-21

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Abstract:

In order to study the effect of carbonization temperature on the performance of carbon nanofiber electrode, polyacrylonitrile/linear phenolic resin(PAN/PF)nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning method. Following this, carbon nanofibers (CNF) with different structures and properties were obtained by adopting different carbonization temperatures, which were used as electrode materials. The surface morphology, specific surface area, pore structure, graphitization degree and element content of the carbon nanofibers were measured and characterized. The results show that PAN/PF carbon nanofibers have high specific surface area, hierarchical porous structure, good fiber connectivity and excellent graphitization. When the carbonization temperature is 1 000 ℃, the specific surface area of CNF is as high as 1 468 m2/g, the total pore volume is as high as 0.89 cm3/g, and the specific capacitance of the corresponding electrode is as high as 395 F/g. When the carbonization temperature is 1 200 ℃, the conductivity of CNF is at its best (8.23 S/cm), and the corresponding electrode reaches the highest capability retaining rate (63%).

Key words: carbonization temperature, electrospinning, carbon nanofiber, electrode, supercapacitor

CLC Number: 

  • TS101.8

Fig.1

Surface morphology of carbon nanofibers under different carbonization temperature"

Tab.1

Diameter distribution results of carbon nanofibers"

样品编号 最大直径/nm 最小直径/nm 平均直径/nm
1# 550 230 350
2# 410 200 290
3# 380 80 230

Fig.2

Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isothermal (a) and pore diameter distribution (b) curves of carbon nanofibers"

Tab.2

Pore characteristics results of carbon nanofibers"

样品
编号		 比表面积/ 总孔体积/ 介孔体积/ 介孔含量/ 微孔体积/ 微孔含量/ 微孔比表面积/ 平均孔径/
(m2·g-1) (cm3·g-1) (cm3·g-1) % (cm3·g-1) % (m2 ·g-1) nm
1# 560 0.44 0.12 27 0.32 73 727 2.5
2# 1 468 0.89 0.17 19 0.72 81 1 559 2.2
3# 1 160 0.64 0.11 17 0.53 83 1 208 2.0

Fig.3

XRD (a) and Raman (b) spectra of carbon nanofibers"

Tab.3

Crystalline characteristics and conductivity results of carbon nanofibers"

样品
编号		 d/
nm		 Lc/
nm		 R 电导率/
(S·cm-1)
1# 0.399 1.00 1.45 5.49
2# 0.403 1.31 1.17 7.38
3# 0.399 1.41 1.04 8.23

Fig.4

FT-IR (a) and XPS (b) spectra"

Fig.5

CV curves of carbon nanofiber electrodes"

Fig.6

GCD curves of carbon nanofiber electrodes"

Fig.7

GCD curves of carbon nanofiber electrodes under different current densities. (a) 1# carbon nanofiber electrodes; (b) 2# carbon nanofiber electrodes;(c) 3# carbon nanofiber electrodes"

Fig.8

Rate capability (a) and cycling performance (b) curves of carbon nanofiber electrodes"

Fig.9

Fitted impedance model (a) and Nyquist plots (b) of carbon nanofiber"

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