Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 39-45.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200900507

• Invited Column: New Flame Retardant Technology for Textile Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Application of hyperbranched phosphoramide in flame retardant finishing of viscose fabrics

ZHANG Chao1,2,3,4, JIANG Zhiming1,2,3,4(), ZHU Shaotong1, ZHANG Chenxi1,2,3,4, ZHU Ping1,2,3,4   

  1. 1. College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
    2. Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
    3. State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
    4. Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
  • Received:2020-09-01 Revised:2021-04-07 Online:2021-07-15 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: JIANG Zhiming E-mail:jzm070315@163.com

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Abstract:

In order to realize synchronously formaldehyde-free and flame retardant properties of viscose fabrics, a flame-retardant viscose fabric was prepared with polyhydroxy hyperbranched phosphoramide (HPAE) and 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as the flame retardant finishing system in this paper. The surface structure composition, charring performance and burning behavior of the viscose fabric before and after finishing were compared and analyzed, and the effect of the flame retardant system on the tensile breaking strength, wrinkle recovery angle and whiteness of viscose fabric were evaluated. The results show that when the weight gain of the fabric reaches 22.5%, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value is increased from 21.0% to 28.9%. The fabric can self-extinguish after leaving the fire, and can successfully pass the vertical burning test.The introduction of HPAE greatly improved the carbon-forming ability of the viscose fabric, and the residual char retention rate was 42.9% in the nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ℃.The heat release of the finished fabric in the combustion process was obviously reduced,and the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and the total heat release (THR) decreased by 59.4% and 15.1%, respectively. After 25 standard washings, the LOI value of the fabric dropped from 29.1% to 24.8%.

Key words: viscose fabric, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid, hyperbranched phosphoramide, flame retardant, flame retardant finishing, functional textiles

CLC Number: 

  • TS195.5

Fig.1

Structural formula of hyperbranched phosphoramide (HPAE)"

Fig.2

SEM images of control fabrics (a) and treated fabrics(b)"

Fig.3

EDX spectra of control fabrics(a) and treated fabrics(b)"

Fig.4

FT-IR spectra of control fabrics and treated fabrics"

Fig.5

Digital photos after vertical flammability test"

Tab.1

Results of weight gain, LOI value and vertical flammability test of control fabrics and treated fabrics"

HPAE质量
浓度/(g·L-1) 		质量增加
率/% 		LOI
值/% 		续燃时
间/s 		阴燃时
间/s 		损毁长
度/cm
0 — 21.0 14.6 66.1 —
100 7.2 22.5 6.6 3.1 30.0
200 17.1 25.1 7.8 0 30.0
300 22.5 28.9 0 0 9.6
400 24.2 29.4 0 0 8.3
500 24.9 29.6 0 0 8.4

Fig.6

SEM images of treated fabric residual carbon at different magnifications"

Fig.7

EDX spectra of treated fabric residual carbon"

Fig.8

FT-IR spectra of control fabric and treated fabric residual carbon"

Fig.9

TG (a) and DTG (b) curves of control fabrics and treated fabrics in nitrogen"

Tab.2

Thermogravimetric data of control fabrics and treated fabrics in nitrogen"

样品 T5%/℃ Tmax/℃ 残炭量/%
Tmax时 800 ℃时
对照织物 262 340 45.0 18.8
整理织物 238 279 73.8 42.9

Fig.10

Digital photos of control fabrics (a) and treated fabrics(b)after cone calorimetry test"

Fig.11

Heat release rate (a) and total heat release (b) curves of control fabrics and treated fabrics"

Tab.3

Combustion behavior data of fabrics"

样品 最大热释放速率/
(kW·m-2) 		总热释放量/
(MJ·m-2) 		平均有效燃烧热/
(MJ·kg-1) 		总烟释放量/
(m2·m-2) 		二氧化碳与一氧化碳的
质量比 		残炭量/%
对照织物 299 5.3 11.9 12.6 11.5 —
整理织物 121 4.5 8.3 25.4 7.7 13.4

Tab.4

Washing durability data for finished fabric"

水洗次数 质量增加率/% LOI值/%
0 23.2 29.1
5 20.0 26.2
10 18.5 25.8
15 17.7 25.6
20 17.2 25.3
25 16.2 24.8

Tab.5

Results of tensile breaking strength, wrinkle recovery angle and whiteness of fabric"

样品 拉伸断裂强力/N 折皱回复角/(°) 白度/%
经向 纬向
对照织物 388.8±7.1 266.9±9.1 199.7±2.9 77.6±0.3
整理织物 185.0±13.1 79.8±2.9 222.0±5.0 52.4±0.7
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