Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 25-30.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200905206

• Invited Column: New Flame Retardant Technology for Textile Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and properties of Lyocell fibers and fabrics modified with new phytic acid based flame retardant

LIN Shenggen1, LIU Xiaohui1(), SU Xiaowei1, HE Ju1, REN Yuanlin2   

  1. 1. School of Materials Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2. School of Textile Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2020-09-19 Revised:2021-03-17 Online:2021-07-15 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: LIU Xiaohui E-mail:liuxiaohui@tiangong.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to improve the flame retardancy of Lyocell fibers and fabrics, an intumescent flame retardant was prepared by reaction of phytic acid, a natural phosphorus-rich compound, with neopentyl glycol and urea, which was applied to the finishing of Lyocell fibers and fabrics. Using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, thermogravimetric analyzer and scanning electron microscopy, the structure, thermal stability and surface morphology of the flame retardant Lyocell fibers were studied. The flame retardant properties of the treated Lyocell fabrics were studied through vertical combustion, cone calorimetric and limiting oxygen index tests. The results show that the initial decomposition temperature of Lyocell fibers after flame retardant treatment is decreased by 177.1 ℃, and the carbon residue increases by 21% at 800 ℃. The total heat release, peak heat release rate and average heat release rate are decreased by 76.9%, 84.0%, and 70.6%, respectively. The limit oxygen index (LOI) was increased from 17.0% to 47.6%. After 25 times of washing, the LOI dropped to 28.8%, but still has decent flame retardant performance.

Key words: flame retardant fiber, phytic acid, Lyocell fiber, intumescent flame retardant, decomposition temperature, flame retardant performance

CLC Number: 

  • TQ317

Fig.1

Preparation process of eco-friendly flame retardant"

Fig.2

FT-IR spectra of flame retardant"

Fig.3

FT-IR spectra of fibers"

Fig.4

TG (a) and DTG (b) curves of fibers under nitrogen atmosphere"

Tab.1

Decomposition temperature and carbon residue of fiber before and after treatment under nitrogen atmosphere"

样品 T5%/℃ T50%/℃ Tmax/℃ 800 ℃时残炭量/%
未处理 309.5 354.9 377.3 16.4
处理后 132.4 376.5 281.2 37.5

Fig.5

SEM images of untreated fibers and treated fibers. (a) Untreated fibers (×1 000); (b) Untreated fibers (×2 500);(c) Treated fibers (×1 000); (d) Treated fibers (×2 500); (e) Treated fibers after 25 washing cycles (×1 000);(f) Treated fibers after 25 washing cycles (×2 500); (g) Treated fibers after burning (×1 000);(h) Treated fibers after burning (×2 500)"

Fig.6

Vertical burning picture of untreated fabrics (a),treated fabrics (b) and treated fabrics after 25 washing cycles (c)"

Tab.2

Vertical burning results of different fabrics"

样品 LOI
值/% 		质量增加
率/% 		余焰
时长/s 		燃烧速率/
(mm·s-1) 		炭长/
mm
未处理 17.0 0 5 42.0 0
处理后 47.6 21 0 0.9 32
处理+水洗25次 28.8 5 0 1.3 69

Fig.7

Heat release rate (a) and total heat release (b) curves of fabric samples"

Tab.3

Cone calorimetric data of control and treated Lyocell fabrics"

样品 点火
时间/s 		总热释放量/
(MJ·m-2) 		热释放速率峰
值/(kW·m-2) 		平均热释放速
率/(kW·m-2) 		残炭
量/%
未处理 18.0 16.9 135.7 44.6 4.7
处理后 — 3.9 21.7 13.1 31.5

Fig.8

Raman spectra of residues of treated Lyocell fibers after combustion"

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