Journal of Textile Research ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 88-93.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210802806

• Textile Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and properties of thermoplastic polyurethane meltblowns

LIU Ya(), CHENG Kewei, ZHAO Yixia, YU Wen, ZHANG Shuping, QIAN Zimao   

  1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2021-08-03 Revised:2022-03-08 Online:2022-11-15 Published:2022-12-26

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Abstract:

In order to improve strength and elastic recovery of traditional meltblown nonwovens, a new type of elastic meltblown nonwovens was prepared from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The thermal properties and rheological properties of TPU were studied, and the effects of preparation process parameters on the morphology, mechanical properties, air permeability and contact angle of TPU meltblown nonwovens were analyzed. The results show that the TPU raw material with a number average molecular weight of 33 767 g/mol, a molecular weight distribution index of 2.19 and a melting point of 159.4 ℃ has good rheological properties at 230 ℃ which is suitable for melt-blown spinning. When the average fiber diameter is 10.27 μm and the average fiber web pore size is 145 μm, the longitudinal and transverse rupture strengths of the prepared TPU meltblown nonwovens are 52 and 49 N/(5 cm), the longitudinal and transverse elongation at break are 424% and 459%, respectively. With the same web parameters, the 50% elongation recovery rate is 97%, the air permeability is 580 L/(m2·s), and the water contact angle is 110.3°, showing obvious water-repellent properties.

Key words: thermoplastic polyurethane, elastic nonwoven material, breathability, water repellency

CLC Number: 

  • TS176.4

Tab.1

Preparation process parameters"

样品编号 热风温度/℃ 牵伸风压/MPa 接收距离/cm
1 260 0.015 40
2 260 0.015 35
3 260 0.015 30
4 260 0.015 25
5 260 0.015 20
6 260 0.020 25
7 260 0.015 25
8 260 0.010 25
9 260 0.005 25
10 260 0.001 25
11 260 0.015 25
12 265 0.015 25
13 270 0.015 25
14 275 0.015 25
15 280 0.015 25

Tab.2

Molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of TPU raw material"

原料
编号		 分子质量/(g·mol-1) 分子质量
分布
Mn Mw Mp Mz
1# 32 069 62 540 44 578 108 592 1.950
2# 47 675 86 938 74 557 134 979 1.824
3# 33 767 65 843 46 507 112 566 1.950
4# 27 796 52 848 40 076 92 511 1.901
5# 34 606 77 430 52 135 127 858 2.237

Fig.1

DSC (a) and TG (b) curves of 5# TPU raw material"

Fig.2

Rheological properties of 5# TPU raw material"

Fig.3

SEM image of TPU meltblown nonwovens(×1 500)"

Fig.4

Variation trend of fiber diameter with different process parameters.(a) Different receiving distances; (b)Different drafting wind pressure; (c) Different hot air temperature"

Fig.5

Mechanical properties of TPU meltblown nonwovens with different process parameters.(a)Different receiving distances; (b)Different drafting wind pressure;(c) Different hot air temperatures"

Fig.6

Air permeability of TPU meltblown nonwovens with different process parameters.(a)Different receiving distances;(b)Different drafting wind pressure; (c) Different hot air temperatures"

Tab.3

Results of contact angle"

样品
编号		 接触角/
(°)		 样品
编号		 接触角/
(°)		 样品
编号		 接触角/
(°)
1 106.0 6 102.0 11 103.0
2 106.0 7 103.0 12 107.0
3 105.0 8 106.0 13 103.7
4 103.0 9 107.7 14 103.0
5 105.0 10 110.3 15 103.0
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