Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (05): 77-83.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210905801

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study on performance of nanofiber air filter materials

HU Diefei1,2, WANG Yan1,3, YAO Juming2,3,4,5, DAS Ripon1,3, MILITKY Jiri6, VENKATARAMAN Mohanapriya6, ZHU Guocheng1,2,3()   

  1. 1. College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
    3. Zhejiang-Czech Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    5. School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
    6. Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec 46117, Czech Republic
  • Received:2021-09-16 Revised:2023-01-23 Online:2023-05-15 Published:2023-06-09

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Abstract:

Objective Filtration performance of air filtration membrane in high-end application has always been a main concern, attracting much research. The electrospun nanofiber membrane and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microporous membrane are the widely used membranes as high-end air filtration membrane. In order to further investigate the filtration mechanism of nanofiber air filter materials, to understand the correlations between structure features and their filtration performance, and to provide useful guidance for development and application of high-end air filter materials, these six types of filter composite materials are made from nanofiber structure, which is usually used for high-end air filter materials.

Method These six types of filter composite materials were selected. The structure feature is the main factor influencing the filtration performance of air filter materials, and the electrostatic adsorption is also playing an important role in filtration performance. Therefore, the evaluation of air filter materials in structure, electrostatic adsorption and filtration performance were carried out.

Results PA6/PET filter composite materials was found to have the highest surface potential which reached to 1.414 kV and its filtration efficiency reached to 99.57%. In contrast, the composite materials with wood pulp paper as substrate showed the lowest surface potential which was 0.070 kV, corresponding to a filtration efficiency of 22.28%, due to the lack of electrostatic adsorption. The crystallinities of samples 1#- 6# were 40.7%、39.4%、44.2%、51.7%、47.6% and 43.5%, respectively. The pressure drops of ePTFE/ES hot-air cotton nonwoven filter composite materials, PTFE/ES hot-rolled nonwoven filter composite materials, and PTFE/ES hot-air cotton nonwoven filter composite materials were 59.7 Pa, 45.6 Pa, 58.8 Pa. The fiber diameter and structure of air filtration membrane also showed to have significant influence on the filtration performance of air filter materials. The smaller fiber diameter, smaller pore size, higher thickness, higher specific surface area resulted in a higher pressure drop and higher filtration efficiency.

Conclusion The surface potential played the most important role in filtration performance of filter composite materials, the higher surface potential led to a higher filtration efficiency. Besides, the fiber diameter and pore structure and its distribution also had significant influence on filtration performance of filter composite materials. PTFE mirco-porous membrane was produced by stretching, which had lower pressure drop comparing with the nanofibrous membrane produced from electrospinning.

Key words: electrospinning, nanofiber membrane, polytetrafluoroethylene, composite structure, filtration efficiency, nonwoven

CLC Number: 

  • TS151

Tab.1

Basic information of air filter material samples"

试样编号 膜材料 基材
1# 静电纺聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)纳米纤维膜 聚丙烯(PP)熔喷布
2# 静电纺锦纶6(PA6)纳米纤维复合膜 纺粘聚酯(PET)非织造布
3# 膨体聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)纳米膜 ES热风棉
4# 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)纳米膜 热轧非织造布
5# 聚四氟乙烯纳米膜 ES热风棉
6# 静电纺PA6纳米纤维膜 木浆纸

Fig.1

SEM images and diameter distributions of different nanofiber membranes"

Fig.2

Pore size distributions of different filter composite materials"

Fig.3

XRD patterns of filter composite materials"

Fig.4

TG curves of filter composite materials"

Fig.5

FT-IR spectra of filter composite materials"

Tab.2

Filtration performance of filter composite materials"

样品编号 过滤效率/% 过滤阻力/Pa 品质因数/Pa-1
1# 97.59±0.063 47.3±6.94 0.079
2# 99.57±1.714 100.5±1.80 0.054
3# 97.62±0.716 59.7±2.49 0.063
4# 98.03±0.447 45.6±1.74 0.086
5# 99.41±0.279 58.8±1.60 0.087
6# 22.28±1.857 76.0±2.23 0.003
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