Journal of Textile Research ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 148-154.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210907607

• Apparel Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research on breast shape of young females using characteristic parameters

ZHONG Zejun1, ZHANG Beibei1, XU Kaiyi1, WANG Ruowen1, GU Bingfei1,2,3()   

  1. 1. School of Fashion Design & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. Clothing Engineering Research Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Silk Culture Heritage and Products Design Digital Technology, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
  • Received:2021-09-23 Revised:2022-06-27 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-28
  • Contact: GU Bingfei E-mail:gubf@zstu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to study young female's breast shape discrimination for improving the bra sizing system for the Chinese females, a definition method for defining breast boundary was proposed to ensure the consistency of breast shape measurement indexes. Raw data was collected by scanning 140 female college students using the [TC]2 scanner, and 28 breast measurement values including height, width, angle, and arc were extracted. Analysis of data was conducted by integrating coefficient of variation and correlation analysis methods, and 6 major parameters affecting breast morphology were identified as clustering indexes. K-means cluster was used to categorize the breast shapes into groups from the 3-D shape of the breast, and the breast shape was subdivided by the ratio of gathering degree and the young females' breast shape was divided into 9 categories. Based on the classification results on breast morphology, Fisher criterion function was used to verify the samples. The results show that the accuracy of overall judgment of the initial sample data based on morphological discrimination rules is as high as 97.1%, which shows that this criterion method has high accuracy, providing new ideas for the breast morphology research, and has a positive effect on the progress in the brassiere industry in China.

Key words: breast morphology, 3-D anthropometric measurement, cluster analysis, degree of aggregation, morphological discrimination

CLC Number: 

  • TS941.17

Fig.1

Label of feature points and lines"

Tab.1

Specific definition of feature points, lines and planes"

特征点/辅助
点线面		 定义 特征点/
辅助点线面		 定义
F1 人体正中矢状面 L4 L2与L3的中间平行线
右侧乳点(PB) 右侧乳房的最高点 L5 L2与L4的中间平行线
前腋点(PFA) 手臂自然下垂状态下与人体躯干在腋前的交点 L6 L2与LBB的中间平行线
前颈点(PFN) 左右锁骨的胸骨端上缘的连线与F1的交点 M LBB最小外接矩形短边中点
侧颈点(PSN) 颈侧部与肩部交界处曲率最大的点,从左视图看位于颈厚中点稍偏后的位置 F2/3/4 在正视图上以PMS点/PSN点/PFN点与PB点为基准点确定的截面
肩点(PS) 肩部曲率最大的点,从左视图看位于上臂正中央与肩交界处 F5 侧视图上M点所在矢状面截面
肩中点(PMS) PSN点与PS点连线的中点 乳房上侧点(PUB) L5与F3的交点
胸围线(LB) 过PB点的水平围线 A L4与F2的交点
下胸围线(LBB) 乳房基底处的水平围线 B L3与F4的交点
上胸围线(LUB) 过PFA点的水平围线 乳房外侧点(POB) F5与L6的交点
L1 经过PS的水平围线 乳房内侧点(PIB) L6在前中心处的曲率最大点
L2 L1与LUB的中间平行线 乳房下侧点(PBB) 过PB点分别向左右两侧作多个间隔 0.5 cm 的矢状截面,于各截面曲线乳根部曲率最大处的点中取最低点为PBB点
L3 L2与LUB的中间平行线 乳房轮廓曲线(LBC) 依次连接POB点、PFA点、A点、PUB点、B点、PIB点、PBB点形成的闭合曲线

Fig.2

Breast local coordinate system"

Fig.3

Coordinate origin"

Tab.2

Measurement of breast morphological parameters"

参数名称 参数
符号		 定义 参数名称 参数
符号		 定义
胸宽 WBL 过PB点水平截面的宽度 乳房高 HB PBB点到PUB点的垂线距
胸厚 TBL 过PB点水平截面的厚度 前颈点-胸点距离 LNB PFN点到PB点的直线长度
胸围 CBL 过PB点的水平围1周的长度 乳深 D PB点到POB点、PBB点、PIB点三点所在平面的距离
上胸围 CUBL 过PUB点的水平围1周的长度 上乳房角 AU 以PFN点为顶点,PFN-PB、PFN-PBB为两边的角
下胸围 CBBL 过PBB点的水平围1周的长度 乳根围 CR 以POB点和PIB点为两端,经过PBB点的体表曲线
上乳杯垂线 PU PB点到PUB点的垂线距 乳房围 CB 以POB点和PIB点为两端,经过PB点的体表曲线
上乳杯弧线 SU PB点到PUB点的体表长度 乳房表面积 AR LBC内部的表面面积
内乳杯垂线 PI PB点到PIB点的垂线距 乳房体积 V LBC内部的体积
内乳杯弧线 SI PB点到PIB点的体表长度 胸宽厚比 RWT WBL与TBL的比率
下乳杯垂线 PB PB点到PBB点的垂线距 胸围差 G CBL与CBBL的差
下乳杯弧线 SB PB点到PBB点的体表长度 乳根围深比 RCRD CR与D比值
外乳杯垂线 PO PB点到POB点的垂线距 乳房围深比 RCBD CB与D比值
外乳杯弧线 SO PB点到POB点的体表长度 下乳弧深比 RSBD SB与D比值
乳间距 WBP PB点到F1平面的距离的2倍 聚拢程度比 RLW LNB与WBP比值

Fig.4

Breast depth Q-Q normal test diagram"

Tab.3

Observation value of F statistic under different number of clusters"

类别 上乳
房角		 胸围差 乳根围
深比		 乳房围
深比		 下乳弧
深比		 乳房
体积
3类 147.523*** 101.159*** 215.053*** 149.690*** 51.910*** 98.883***
4类 125.157*** 122.563*** 163.315*** 106.986*** 55.637*** 58.564***
5类 101.682*** 109.820*** 150.094*** 110.842*** 47.022*** 61.514***

Tab.4

Breast morphology final clustering center"

乳房
立体
形态
类别		 上乳
房角/
(°)		 胸围
差/
cm		 乳根
围深
比		 乳房
围深
比		 下乳
弧深
比		 乳房
体积/
L		 样本
容量		 样本
占比/
%
Ⅰ 16.59 13.08 4.39 5.22 1.35 0.36 49 36.03
Ⅱ 13.26 10.08 4.12 4.97 1.45 0.22 55 40.44
Ⅲ 10.79 7.67 3.74 4.62 1.66 0.14 32 23.53

Tab.5

Discriminant result"

类别 真实样本 判别结果 准确率/%
Ⅰ类 49 48 98.0
Ⅱ类 55 52 94.5
Ⅲ类 32 32 100.0
总计 136 132 97.1

Fig.5

Stereoscopic morphology of all kinds of breasts. (a)Side image; (b)Front; (c)Cross-sections"

Fig.6

Agglomeration degree morphology diagram. (a)Separating; (b)Middle; (c)Gathering"

Tab.6

Classification results of breast aggregation degree"

类别 样本数 占比/%
Ⅰ-内敛 15 11.03
Ⅰ-中间 23 16.91
Ⅰ-外扩 11 8.09
Ⅱ-内敛 24 17.65
Ⅱ-中间 23 16.91
Ⅱ-外扩 8 5.88
Ⅲ-内敛 20 14.71
Ⅲ-中间 9 6.62
Ⅲ-外扩 3 2.21
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