Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (04): 139-145.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20211108407

• Dyeing and Finishing & Chemicals • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation of carbonized three-dimensional spacer cotton fabric and its electrical heating properties

HUANG Jinbo, SHAO Lingda, ZHU Chengyan()   

  1. Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
  • Received:2021-11-18 Revised:2022-08-09 Online:2023-04-15 Published:2023-05-12

RichHTML

15

PDF (PC)

49

Abstract:

Objective In order to develop functional textiles used in piezoresistive sensing and electric heating, the effects of different carbonization processes on the conductivity and electric heating properties of cotton fabrics were studied.
Method Using cotton fiber as the raw material, a three-dimensional spacer fabric was prepared using a double-shed weaving machine. The fabric was then carbonized to achieve the conductive and heating properties. The fiber structure in the carbonized cotton fabric was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The conductivity and electric heating performance of the fabric were characterized by multimeter and infrared thermal imager, and their internal relations were analyzed.
Results The fabric can be carbonized by high temperature inert gas (N2)(Fig. 3). In the carbonization process, with the increase of carbonization temperature, the fiber scale layer structure was obvious seen, and the fiber surface structure became more porous. When the carbonization temperature of the fabric was set to 900 ℃, obvious punctate broken holes appeared on the fiber surface, and carbon particles falling off were observed. By analyzing the conductivity of the fabric, it was found that the resistance of the carbonized fabric decreased with the increase of carbonization temperature. The resistance of the charred fabric gradually increases with increasing measurement distance, the fabric resistance is linearly related to the plane distance and can be seen as similar to a uniform resistance. At a lower carbonization temperature or a higher current, the heating performance of the carbonized fabric is better, but there will be a lot of heat radiation and air heat exchange during the heating process of the fabric. The actual temperature rise curve of the fabric does not agree with the theoretical calculation of electric power(Fig. 8). The carbonized fabric was found to be heated and cooled fastest at 750 ℃. When the heating temperature of the carbonized fabric was lower than 62.4 ℃, the heating temperature of the fabric demonstrated proportional increases to the value of the theoretical electric power(Fig. 11). In the case where the heating temperature was higher than this temperature, the theoretical power of the fabric was significantly lower than the temperature of the fabric.
Conclusion The three-dimensional space carbonized cotton fabric demonstrated good electrical conductivity and it can be regarded as a uniform resistance medium, and the resistance rate decreases exponentially with the increase of carbonization temperature. At lower carbonization temperature, the change rate of resistance is larger, and with the increase of carbonization temperature, the change rate of resistance gradually decreases. Through the analysis of the heating effect and the heating property of the fabric, it is found that the theoretical heating efficiency of the fabric is proportional to the heating temperature when the temperature is below 62.4 ℃, and it can be applied to the electrically heated fabric with precise and controllable temperature.

Key words: three-dimensional spacer fabric, flexible heating material, carbonization process, electrical conductivity, electrically heated fabric

CLC Number: 

  • TS105.1

Fig. 1

Structure diagram of woven three-dimensional interval loom"

Tab. 1

Three-dimensional spacer fabric specifications"

原料 线密
度/tex		 地经
数量/
根		 纵经
数量/
根		 纬密/
(根·cm-1)		 间隔高
度/mm		 幅宽/
mm		 面密度/
(g·m-2)
棉纱 36.4 5 472 2 736 26 5 1 500 790

Fig. 2

Structure comparison of fabrics before(a) and after(b) carbonization"

Fig. 3

SEM images of fabric fibers before and after carbonization. (a)Original sample; (b) 750 ℃; (c) 800 ℃; (d) 850 ℃; (e) 900 ℃"

Fig. 4

Infrared spectra of cotton fabric and carbonized cotton fabric at different temperatures"

Fig. 5

Raman spectra of samples with different carbonization temperatures"

Tab. 2

Raman spectrum parameters of samples with different carbonization temperatures"

温度/
℃		 WG/
cm-1		 WD/
cm-1		 FWHMG/
cm-1		 FWHMD/
cm-1		 R
(ID/IG)
750 1 580 1 345 113.3 270.7 2.24
800 1 587 1 340 106.3 272.2 2.58
850 1 587 1 338 114.6 248.5 1.97
900 1 587 1 340 110.7 249.0 1.92

Fig. 6

Resistance under different pitch resistance of carbonized fabric length"

Tab. 3

Linear regression equation of fabric resistance"

序号 炭化温度/℃ 回归方程 R2
1 750 Y=9.58+9.96X 0.999
2 800 Y=2.6+4X 0.996
3 850 Y=1.24+2.32X 0.995
4 900 Y=1+1.37X 0.998

Fig. 7

Schematic diagram of heating test of carbonized fabric"

Fig. 8

Heating curve under different current intensities(750 ℃)"

Fig. 9

Heating curve of three-dimensional spacer fabrics with different carbonization temperatures at constant current of 0.3 A"

Fig. 10

Heating cooling rate curve of fabric under different carbonization temperatures"

Fig. 11

Comparison of heating temperature and theoretical power of fabrics with different carbonization temperatures"

[1] 张明俊, 周罗庆. 三维机织间隔织物复合材料的设计和织造[J]. 纺织导报, 2006(7):68-69.
ZHANG Mingjun, ZHOU Luoqing. Design and manufacture of 3D woven spacer fabric composite[J]. China Textile Leader, 2006(7):68-69.
[2] VERPOEST I, WEVERS M, IVENS J, et al. 3D fabrics for compression and impact resistant composite sandwich structures[M]. Berlin: Springer-verlag. 1989:535-541.
[3] 高爱君, 李敏, 王绍凯, 等. 三维间隔连体织物复合材料力学性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2008(2):87-93.
GAO Aijun, LI Min, WANG Shaokai, et al. Experimental study on the mechanical characteristics of 3-D spacer fabric composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2008(2):87-93.
[4] DOGANAY D, COSKUN S, GENLIK S P, et al. Silver nanowire decorated heatable textiles[J]. Nanotechnology, 2016.DOI:10.1088/0957-4484/27/43143501.
doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/43143501
[5] 李育洲, 张雨凡, 周青青, 等. 二氧化锰/石墨烯/棉织物复合电极的制备及其电化学性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(1):96-101.
LI Yuzhou, ZHANG Yufan, ZHOU Qingqing, et al. Preparation and electrochemical properties of MnO2/graphene/cotton fabric composite electrode[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2020, 41(1):96-101.
[6] 许静娴, 刘莉, 李俊. 镀银纱线电热针织物的开发及性能评价[J]. 纺织学报, 2016, 37(12): 24-28.
XU Jingxian, LIU Li, LI Jun. Development and performance evaluation of electrically-heated textile based on silver-coated yarn[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2016, 37(12): 24-28.
[7] HONG X, YU R, HOU M, et al. Smart fabric strain sensor comprising reduced graphene oxide with structure-based negative piezoresistivity[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2021(56):16946-16962.
[8] XIAO Z, SHENG C, XIA Y, et al. Electrical heating behavior of flexible thermoplastic polyurethane/super-P nanoparticle composite films for advanced wearable heaters[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2019 (71): 293-300.
[9] 吴坚, 姚健, 朱顺星, 等. 聚吡咯的安全性研究[J]. 南通大学学报(医学版), 2003, 23(4):367-368.
WU Jian, YAO Jian, ZHU Shunxing, et al. Study on the safty of polypyrrole(PPy)[J]. Journal of Nantong Uinversity, 2003, 23(4):367-368.
[10] 王永吉. 基于碳化棉织物的柔性电极制备及其电化学性研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2021:1-9.
WANG Yongji. Fabrication of flexible electrode based on carbonized cottion textile and its research in electrochemical performance[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2021:1-9.
[11] 虞茹芳, 洪兴华, 祝成炎, 等. 还原氧化石墨烯涂层织物的电加热性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(10): 126-131.
YU Rufang, HONG Xinghua, ZHU Chengyan, et al. Electrical heating properties of fabrics coated by reduced graphene oxide[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(10): 126-131.
[12] JUNG D, KIM D, LEE K H, et al. Transparent film heaters using multi-walled carbon nanotube sheets[J]. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2013, 199: 176-180.
doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2013.05.024
[13] 彭勇, 陈珍珍. TiO2 光催化技术与活性炭纤维在水体修复领域的联合应用[J]. 广东化工, 2019, 46(1):46-47.
PENG Yong, CHEN Zhenzhen. The joint application of activated carbon fiber and advanced oxidation technology in the field of remediation of water bodies[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2019, 46(1):46-47.
[14] BAE J, SONG M K, PARK Y J, et al. Fiber superca-pacitors made of nanowire fiber hybrid structures for wearable/flexible energy storage[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2011, 123(7):1721-1725.
[15] LI Hongbao, LI Xiaodong. Towards textile energy storage from cotton T-shirt[J]. Advanced Materials, 2012, 24(24):3246-3252.
doi: 10.1002/adma.v24.24
[16] 黄锦波, 邵灵达, 祝成炎. 活性炭纤维的制备及其应用进展[J]. 棉纺织技术, 2020(10):11-14.
HUANG Jinbo, SHAO Lingda, ZHU Chengyan. Preparation and application progress of activated carbon fiber.[J]. Cotton Textile Technology, 2020(10):11-14.
[17] 黄锦波, 张红霞, 葛彩虹, 等. 活性炭织物制备及其保温性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2014, 35(4): 43-46,51.
HUANG Jinbo, ZHANG Hongxia, GE Caihong, et al. Preparation and thermal insulation properties of activated Carbon Fabric[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2014, 35(4): 43-46,51.
[18] 黄锦波, 祝成炎, 张红霞, 等. 基于剑杆织机改造的三维间隔机织物工艺设计[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(6): 166-170.
HUANG Jinbo, ZHU Chengyan, ZHANG Hongxia, et al. Design of three-dimensional spacer fabrics based on rapier looms[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(6): 166-170.
[19] CHINKAP Chung, 廖咏梅, 许建华. 精练棉织物表面FT-IR ATR红外光谱分析[J]. 轻工科技, 2008, 24(1): 122-123.
CHINKAP Chung, LIAO Yongmei, XU Jianhua. FT-IR analysis on the surface of refined cotton fabric[J]. Light Industry Science and Technology., 2008, 24(1):122-123.
[1] LI Long, WU Lei, LIN Siling. Influence of yarn twist on properties of cotton/spandex/silver wire core spun yarns [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2023, 44(01): 100-105.
[2] HUANG Jinbo, ZHU Chengyan, ZHANG Hongxia, HONG Xinghua, ZHOU Zhifang. Design of three-dimensional spacer fabrics based on rapier looms [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(06): 166-170.
[3] LIU Xiaoqian, CHEN Yu, ZHOU Huimin, YAN Yuan, XIA Xin. Preparation of polyacrylonitrile conductive nanofiber yarn grafted with acrylic acid using plasma technology [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(05): 109-114.
[4] HU Chengye, MIAO Runwu, HAN Xiao, HONG Jianhan, GIL Ignacio. Effect of polyvinyl alcohol on durability of polyaniline conductive layer on poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) yarn surface [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2020, 41(04): 91-97.
[5] ZHU Jinming, QIAN Jianhua, SUN Liying, LI Zhengping, PENG Huimin. Properties of functionalized composite polyester fabric prepared from silver nanowires of high aspect ratio [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(11): 113-118.
[6] HE Qingqing, XU Hong, MAO Zhiping, ZHANG Linping, ZHONG Yi, LÜ Jingchun. Preparation of high-electrical conductivity polypyrrole-coated fabrics [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(10): 113-119.
[7] JIANG Shan, WAN Ailan, MIAO Xuhong, JIANG Gaoming, MA Pibo, CHEN Qing. Influence of plasma treatment on electrical conductivity of polypyrrole/polyester composite yarn [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(08): 95-100.
[8] CAO Jiliang, XU Licong, MENG Chunli, LI Xiaochun. Electric conductivity of cotton fabrics by graphene UV curable coating [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(02): 135-140.
[9] . Electrical and mechanical properties of conductive polytrimethylene terephthalate / polyaniline composite yarns [J]. JOURNAL OF TEXTILE RESEARCH, 2017, 38(02): 40-46.
[10] . Functional fibers based on graphene [J]. JOURNAL OF TEXTILE RESEARCH, 2016, 37(10): 153-157.
[11] SUN Fu~;ZHANG Guoqing~;SUN Yanqiu~. Properties of conducting carbon black/polyester composites [J]. JOURNAL OF TEXTILE RESEARCH, 2008, 29(10): 9-11.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备14006648号
Copyright 2021 © Editorial office of Journal of Textile Research
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd