低辐射热条件下附加相变材料织物的蓄放热双重特性

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20211201501

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective Phase change materials (PCM) are a type of energy storage material, and the phase change layer attached to the thermal protective clothing fabric is able release heat when it solidifies. The release of heat under these two mechanisms may increase the potential danger of skin burns as a result of the heat exposure. Therefore, it is necessary to consider its thermal storage protective effect in the heat exposure stage and the hazardous effect in the cooling stage when exploring the comprehensive thermal protective performance of the thermal protective fabric assemblies incorporated with PCM on human skin.
Method Temperature-regulating fabrics with phase-change materials that can absorb or release heat through phase transition were prepared by using a coating method and were then applied to a multilayer thermal protective fabric system. The heat storage protective performance of thermal protective clothing with PCM and the natural heat release performance and the compressed heat release properties in the cooling stage are quantitatively evaluated through parametric design, the parameters including the thickness of the air layer under the clothes, the intensity of the heat source, and whether the fabric is compressed after the heat exposure.
Results In the stage of thermal exposure, the use of the PCM significantly reduced the skin heat gain during the heat exposure stage. At the same time, the phase change fabric systems significantly reduced the temperature inside the fabric system compared to the uncoated fabric system. In addition, the air layer had a more positive effect on reducing skin heat gain when it was incorporated with PCM. The skin heat gain decreased the most when the thickness of the air layer was increased from 0 mm to 6 mm, and the improvement in the thermal protection effect was not significant when the thickness of the air layer was continuously increased to 18 mm. In the process of natural thermal discharge, with the increase in air layer thickness, the CAE value (energy discharge amount or energy absorption during cooling) of the fabric system decreased. On the whole, the CAE value of PCM fabric system was smaller than that of the coated fabric system, but the heat release efficiency was slightly higher. Therefore, although the PCM fabric system could reduce skin heat gain in the natural heat release stage, more attention was paid to the influence of its heat release in the whole heat transfer process. It was noted that the CAE difference between the PCM fabric system and uncoated fabric system tended to decrease with the increase in the air layer thickness, which indicated that when the air layer thickness was larger, it played a leading role in the heat release of the fabric system, leading to the weakening of the positive role of PCM in the natural cooling process. In the process of forced thermal discharge, the skin heat absorption of the fabric systems increased significantly compared with the natural heat release stage. In particular, the application of compress aggravated the heat release in the PCM fabric systems if the fabric systems had an air layer in the heat exposure stage. When the thickness of air layer was 6 mm and 12 mm, the skin heat gain of the PCM fabric system was increased by 129 % compared with that without pressure.
Conclusion In the heat exposure stage, the comprehensive effect of the PCM fabric system and air layer plays a more positive role in reducing the heat reaching the skin surface. However, in the cooling stage, attention should also be paid to the complex effect of the combination of PCM fabric system and air layer on human skin, especially in the practical application of PCM, the air layer under clothing should be avoided squeezing and destroying as much as possible after the heat exposure stage to avoid causing accelerated release of heat storage and causing more serious heat damage to the skin. This significance of the research lies in the development of new clothing materials, the design of scientific thermal protective clothing systems, and the guidance of high-temperature operators to reduce skin burns by conducting basic research on the dual heat storage and release performance of PCM fabrics.

Key words: phase change material, coated fabric, thermal protection, thermal hazard, low-level radiant heat

CLC Number:

TS941.73

ZHU Xiaorong, XIANG Youhui, HE Jiazhen, ZHAI Li'na. Thermal storage and discharge performance of fabrics with phase change material under low-level radiant heat exposure[J].Journal of Textile Research, 2023, 44(06): 152-160.

Figures/Tables 8

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References 36

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面料层	面料成分	结构	颜色	厚度/mm	面密度/(g·m^-2)
外层	98%芳纶、2%抗静电纤维	方格组织	藏青色	0.51	198.03
防水透气层	80%Nomex^?、20% Kevla^?	水刺毡+PTFE覆膜	黄色	0.63	104.75
隔热层	80%Nomex^?、20% Kevlar^?	水刺毡	黄色	1.38	70.40
舒适层	50%芳纶、50%粘胶	平纹组织	深灰色	0.34	120.47

热源强度/ (kW·m^-2)	PCM涂层量/%	不同空气层厚度时的EAE值
热源强度/ (kW·m^-2)	PCM涂层量/%	0 mm	6 mm	12 mm	18 mm
8.5	0	413.93 (3.40)	273.87 (3.90)	237.25 (1.58)	166.74 (9.49)
8.5	55	371.87 (11.01)	201.55 (18.49)	174.71 (4.11)^a	166.12 (5.06)^a
5	0	283.50 (4.46)	176.82 (1.54)	127.38 (9.87)^b	120.86 (9.45)^b
5	55	204.52 (10.12)	124.58 (10.29)	107.30 (7.81)^c	92.93 (3.99)^c

热源强度/ (kW·m^-2)	PCM涂层量/%	不同空气层厚度下的CAE值/(kJ·m^-2)				不同空气层厚度下的α值/%
热源强度/ (kW·m^-2)	PCM涂层量/%	0 mm	6 mm	12 mm	18 mm	0 mm	6 mm	12 mm	18 mm
8.5	0	73.23 (1.96)^a	66.59 (2.99)^ab	63.72 (4.39)^b	55.08 (4.67)	15.03 (0.43)	19.56 (0.85)	21.10 (1.15)	24.81 (0.55)
8.5	55	66.89 (6.85)^c	60.99 (2.82)^cd	55.14 (2.01)^de	52.09 (2.64)^e	15.22 (0.97)	23.29 (1.47)^f	23.98 (0.29)^f	23.87 (1.12)^f
5	0	53.47 (1.44)	36.70 (2.84)^g	33.83 (0.36)^gh	30.68 (2.90)^h	15.78 (0.30)ⁱ	17.18 (1.00)ⁱ	21.04 (1.15)^j	20.26 (1.57)^j
5	55	42.50 (2.24)^k	38.97 (5.05)^kl	33.46 (1.41)^lm	31.74 (1.73)^m	17.22 (1.01)	23.79 (1.36)ⁿ	23.82 (1.66)ⁿ	25.46 (0.70)ⁿ

热源强度/ (kW·m^-2)	PCM涂层量/%	不同空气层厚度下的CAE值/(kJ·m^-2)				不同空气层厚度下的α值/%
热源强度/ (kW·m^-2)	PCM涂层量/%	0 mm	6 mm	12 mm	18 mm	0 mm	6 mm	12 mm	18 mm
8.5	0	89.57 (5.55)	123.28 (4.20)^a	119.77 (4.00)^a	63.58 (3.78)	17.58 (1.93)	32.80 (0.58)	36.41 (1.64)	23.33 (1.76)
8.5	55	102.26 (9.14)	133.22 (5.62)^b	131.46 (5.57)^b	64.87 (2.46)	21.51 (2.23)	40.07 (2.67)	44.94 (1.88)	28.73 (0.39)
5	0	63.55 (2.79)	82.82 (1.87)^c	83.76 (4.02)^c	39.06 (2.69)	20.31 (0.77)	39.58 (1.17)^d	41.61 (0.64)^d	24.55 (1.78)
5	55	65.74 (4.30)	90.13 (5.45)	77.59 (6.99)	42.49 (0.97)	32.34 (5.52)	76.04 (2.39)	81.99 (2.99)	45.52 (1.02)

Thermal storage and discharge performance of fabrics with phase change material under low-level radiant heat exposure

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