Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (04): 212-221.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220303310

• Comprehensive Review • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research and application of structural color fibers with photonic crystals

GU Jia1, ZHANG Zhenxiong2, HAN Ying1, HU Jianchen1,2, ZHANG Keqin1()   

  1. 1. College of Textiles and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
    2. Suzhou Xinmin Textile Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215228, China
  • Received:2022-03-09 Revised:2022-12-29 Online:2023-04-15 Published:2023-05-12

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Abstract:

Significance Structural color is formed by utilizing microstructures to produce color through visible light scattering or interference. In the researches for fabrication of colorful fibers with high color saturation which are not easy to fade and are environmentally-friendly, formation of structural color fibers based on photonic crystals is an effective method. The application of structural color in the textile field mainly target at obtaining fabrics with highly color saturation and reducing the pollution caused by chemical dyeing, and for this reason structural color fibers have received much attention in recent years due to their significant potential applications in sensor and wearable device. This paper is set to review the research activities and applications of structural color fibers.
Progress The review covers the color generation principles of the multidimensional photonic crystals that make up structural color fibers, and focuses on the main methods of preparing structural color fibers based on photonic crystals, including traditional fiber external coloring, template assembly and other different spinning technologies (Fig. 1). The method of structural color fibers formed by traditional fiber external coloring is to coat photonic crystal on the surface of fibers with external conditions to form structural color fibers. Among them, the most commonly used methods are convective self-assembly (Fig. 2), electrophoretic deposition, atomic layer deposition and magnetic assembly. The template assembly method (Fig. 3) is different from the structural color fibers formed by traditional fiber external coloring, in which colloidal microspheres are assembled on the template through capillary force and other effects with the help of the template to form photonic crystal fibers. An example is the formation of structural color fibers by rapidly self-assembling colloidal silica nanoparticles in capillary tubes. Electrostatic spinning (Fig. 4(a)) and microfluidic spinning (Fig. 4(b)) are common spinning techniques, and are also studied in the researches on formation of structural color fibers. In particular, microfluidic spinning technology is a spinning technology that can precisely control and manipulate micro-nano scale fluid. As shown in Fig. 4(b), point-aligned colloidal crystal fibers and structural color-coded fibers by integrating injectable photonic hydrogels with microfluidic assisted assembly methods are developed. Besides, the paper reviews the progress of researches and applications of multifunctional structural color fibers in the fields of wearability, detection and sensing.
Conclusions and Prospect The advantages of photonic crystal structural color fibers are summarized. The bottlenecks in the design and applications of structural color fibers are analyzed, and their future developments are prospected. It can be concluded that photonic crystals, as the basic material of structure color generation technology, promote the vigorous development of photonic crystal structure color fiber researches. Structural color fibers with a certain mechanical properties, excellent optical properties and size uniformity show application potentials in wearable, sensing, biological detection, environmental response and other fields. There are several aspects about the future development of photonic crystal structural color fibers that need to be further explored and studied. Firstly, when assembling photonic crystals onto conventional fibers or forming photonic crystal structure color fibers by the template method, the assembly stability of photonic crystals has not been satisfactory. In order to improve the structural stability of photonic crystals on fibers, the material can be chemically modified to effectively enhance the bonding between the microspheres. Secondly, Use of optimal photonic crystal materials and addition of adhesive polymer materials would improve the mechanical properties of structural color fibers. Finally, the simpler and cheaper preparation process allows for industrial production. The exploration and improvement of these points will make the development and application of photonic crystal fibers more realistic.

Key words: photonic crystal, structural color fiber, fiber external coloring method, formwork assembly method, spinning method

CLC Number: 

  • TS151

Fig. 1

Preparation methods of structural color fibers based on photonic crystals"

Fig. 2

Fibers colored by photonic crystals on surface. (a) Polyester fibers directly drawn from colloidal suspension to produce crack-free blue fibers; (b) Schematic illustration showing fabrication process of bi-sheath fibers and corresponding surface and cross-sectional SEM images of fibers"

Fig. 3

Photonic crystal color fibers formed with template assembly method. (a) Schematic diagram and morphology pictures of cylindrical structure by extrusion; (b) Schematic diagram of strips showing structural color formed in capillary"

Fig. 4

Structural color fibers formed with photonic crystals by different spinning methods. (a) Schematic diagram of electrospinning and manufacturing process of color fiber based films; (b) Linear photonic gels containing one or two kinds of colloidal crystals prepared by single channel and Y channel"

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